抚河流域生态环境质量评价——以广昌县为例

Evaluation of Ecological Environment Quality in Fuhe River Basin——Guangchang County as an Example

为了了解广昌县生态环境质量及其时空变化,基于遥感生态指数(RSEI)对广昌县1997―2021年间的生态环境质量进行了评价。结果表明,生态环境质量相对差的区域主要分布在人口密集的区域,受人为改造作用明显;各年限广昌县RSEI均值分别为0.5826、0.5717、0.5867、0.5591、0.6182,总体生态环境呈现退化、改善、退化再改善的趋势;从空间上看,研究区内环境质量一般和良的面积所占比重最大,较差的面积占比较小,优和差的面积几乎不占比;从时空变化情况上看,1997―2010年广昌县总体生态环境相对稳定,2010―2016年有大面积的退化,但2016年生态文明示范区建立至今,县内35.18%的区域得到了不同程度的改善,说明近年来政府采取的手段措施都取得了不错的成效。

In order to understand the ecological environment quality and its temporal and spatial changes in Guangchang county,Ecological index based on Remote Sensing(RSEI)evaluated the eco-environmental quality of Guangchang county from 1997 to 2021.The results showed that the areas with relatively low eco-environmental quality were mainly distributed in densely populated areas,which were obviously affected by human transformation;the average RSEI of Guangchang county in each year were 0.5826,0.5717,0.5867,0.5591 and 0.6182 respectively,and the overall ecological environment showed the trend is degradation,improvement,degradation and improvement;In terms of space,the area with general and good environmental quality accounts for the largest proportion,the area with poor environmental quality accounts for a relatively small proportion,and the area with excellent and poor environmental quality accounts for almost no proportion;From the perspective of temporal and spatial changes,the overall ecological environment of Guangchang county was relatively stable from 1997 to 2010,and there was a large area of degradation from 2010 to 2016.However,since the establishment of the ecological civilization demonstration area in 2016,35.18%of the area in the county has been improved to varying degrees,indicating that the means and measures taken by the government have achieved good results in recent years.