2020年中国大黄鱼产业现状分析及发展建议

Analysis and development suggestions of Larimichthys crocea industry of China in 2020

自20世纪末大黄鱼人工养殖形成产业化后,其养殖规模不断扩大,产业分工不断细化,形成了包含苗种繁育、饵料与设施等渔需物品的供应及成鱼的收购、加工、贸易、出口等环节完善的产业链,物流、餐饮、旅游等配套产业也在逐步形成。本文由中国渔业协会大黄鱼分会组织业内专家、业者对2020年我国大黄鱼行业情况进行全面调查,从我国大黄鱼苗种繁育、养殖分布及产量、饵料使用、主要流行疾病、质量安全、产品与市场、疫情影响、品牌文化建设、扶持政策及金融保险服务等方面进行总结分析,明确我国大黄鱼产业的发展现状及存在的问题。调查结果显示,我国大黄鱼产业发展存在良种覆盖率不高、违规用药、精深加工水平率偏低等问题,提出从大力发展种业工程、规范行业行为、提高中档产品占比、提高加工率以及争取政府扶持、打造产业文化等建议,促进我国大黄鱼产业的健康可持续发展。

During the last decade of the 20^(th) century,the artificial breeding of Larimichthys crocea accomplished its industrialization in China.Since then,the breeding scale and industrial division of the L.crocea industry have been continuously upgraded,forming a perfected industrial chain covering supplying the fishery necessities(fry,feeding stuff,facilities,etc.)and acquisition,trade,processing and export of the marketable fish.The supporting industries such as logistics,catering and tourism have also been gradually formed.In this report,industry experts and practitioners organized by the L.crocea branch of the China Fisheries Association conducted a comprehensive investigation of China's L.crocea industry status in 2020,then summarized and analyzed it from ten aspects:seedling breeding,farm distribution and output,feeding stuff usage,major epidemic diseases,quality and safety,yields and market,Corona Virus Disease-19 impact,brand culture construction,supporting policies,financial and insurance services,and existing problems;gived countermeasures and suggestions on the industrial development for reference.The survey results showed that there were some problems in the development of L.crocea industry in China,such as low coverage rate of fine varieties,illegal drug use,low level of intensive and deep processing.Suggestions were put forward to promote the healthy and sustainable development of L.crocea industry in China by vigorously developing seed industry projects,standardizing industrial behaviors,increasing the proportion of medium-sized products,improving the processing rate,winning government support and creating industrial culture.