运动员可穿戴设备中个人数据隐私的法律保护

Legal Protection of Data Privacy in Athletes’ Wearable Devices

以物联网技术为基础的可穿戴设备普遍而迅速地介入到职业体育运动之中,其对运动员个人数据的大规模处理已经触发运动员的数据隐私危机,能够兼顾数据利用和隐私安全的法律保护模式亟待研究。通过比较分析发现,既有的个人数据隐私保护的赋权模式和定责模式存在诸多局限,而场景化模式针对不同场景中的数据隐私风险设置相应的隐私保护举措可以最大限度地契合运动员的合理隐私期待,进而实现对运动员个人数据权利的切实保障。这一进路也符合运动员作为体育从业者和技术应用对象的弱势方的现实境况。研究建议:充分考虑运动员可穿戴设备中个人数据的特殊性,结合不同场景和不同数据类型设计整全式的隐私保护模式。

Wearable devices based on IoT(Internet of Things) technology are generally and rapidly involved in professional sports,and their large-scale processing of athletes’ personal data has triggered the data privacy crisis for athletes,thus the legal protection model that can balance data utilization and privacy security needs to be studied urgently.Through comparative analysis,it is found that there are many limitations in the existing personal data privacy protection empowerment model and accountability model,and the scenario-oriented model for different scenarios of data privacy risk can best meet the reasonable privacy expectations of athletes by setting the corresponding privacy measures,and thus realize the real protection of athletes’ personal data rights.This way is also in line with the reality of athletes as sports practitioners and vulnerable parties of technology applications.The study recommends taking into account the particularity of personal data in athletes’ wearable devices and designing an integrated privacy model that combines different scenarios and different data types.