2010至2020年上海市青浦区脑卒中患者死亡特征及变化趋势分析

Analysis of the Epidemiological Trend and Distribution of Stroke Mortality in Qingpu District of Shanghai from 2010 to 2020

目的分析脑卒中患者的死亡特征及变化趋势,为制定脑卒中有效预防措施提供依据。方法收集2010至2020年上海市青浦区心脑血管急性事件登记报告的3981例脑卒中死亡病例进行分析,采用2010年中国人口普查年龄人口构成作为标准人口计算年龄标化发病率,并运用Joinpoint软件计算年度变化百分比(APC),分析2010至2020年上海市青浦区脑卒中病死率时间趋势。结果2010至2020年上海市青浦区户籍居民脑卒中年均粗病死率76.13/10万,标化死亡率从2010年40.52/10万下降至2020年的26.21/10万,下降幅度达35.14%(APC=-5.95%,P<0.05)。脑卒中死亡男性略高于女性,65岁以上年龄组老年人死亡占比达到90.15%;缺血性脑卒中标化死亡率下降趋势明显,降幅为42.26%。结论目前上海市青浦区脑卒中患者病死率较为稳定,标化死亡率呈下降趋势,人口老龄化因素是重要的影响因素之一;应重视男性和老年脑卒中高危人群的筛查和干预工作,建立完善的脑卒中急救救治体系,有效开展脑卒中患者的二级预防,从而改善脑卒中患者生活质量和减少脑卒中的复发和病死率。

Aim To analyze the epidemiological trend and distribution of stroke mortality in Qingpu district of Shanghai from 2010 to 2020,and provide the basis for formulating effective stroke prevention and control measures.Methods Statistics and analysis was made on 3981 death cases of stroke reported in the registration of cardio-cerebrovascular acute events in Qingpu District from 2010 to 2020.Mortality rate of standardized age was calculated by using the age population composition of the sixth national population census of Chinese in 2010.The annual percent change(APC)was calculated by Software Joinpoint to analyze the epidemiological trend of stroke mortality.Results The average crude mortality rate of stroke was76.10/10~5 in Qingpu District from 2010 to 2020,the standardized mortality rate decreased from 40.52/10~5in 2010 to 26.21/10~5 in 2020,the decline reached 35.14%(APC=-5.95%,P<0.050).The mortality rate of stroke in male was slightly higher than that in female,and the constituent ratio of stroke death of the elderly in the age group over 65 years old reached 90.15%.The mortality of ischemic stroke decreased significantly by 42.26%.Conclusion The mortality of stroke in Qingpu District now is relatively stable,the standardized mortality showed a downward trend.The factors of aging of the population play an important role.Attention should be paid to the screening and intervention of male and elderly people at high risk of ischemic stroke,and establishing a perfect stroke emergency treatment system.The secondary prevention of stroke patients should be effectively carried out to improve the quality of life of stroke patients and reduce the recurrence and mortality.