基于改进TOPSIS的航线评估方法研究

Research on Route Evaluation Method Based on Improved TOPSIS

航线是航空公司获得收益的基础,对航线进行评估是航空公司必须要进行的步骤。为量化评价航线效益,综合考虑成本和收入,建立初始评价指标。影响航线评估的因素有很多,筛选评价指标,建立客座率、竞争力运营条件、航线网络的影响、市场需求量和成本票价比5个方面的评价指标体系。针对多属性的航线评估决策,通过TOPSIS法对航线进行评估,利用熵权法确定属性指标,之后用TOPSIS法,通过判断航线的选择与理想的贴合度来进行航线评估排序,从而选取更优的航线。最后对哈尔滨机场的航线进行评估。结果表明,TOPSIS法可量化航空公司在不同情况下的最优航线,与实际情况相符。最终结果证明了该评价方法的有效性与可行性。给其他的航空公司,在属性权重未知的情况下,提供了航线评估方法。

Route is the basis for airlines to obtain revenue.Evaluating route is a necessary step for airlines.In order to quantitatively evaluate the route benefits and comprehensively consider the cost and income,the initial evaluation index is established.There are many factors affecting the route evaluation.The evaluation index is selected,and the evaluation index system in five aspects is established,including passenger occupancy rate,competitive operation conditions,the impact of route network,market demand and cost fare ratio.For the multi-attribute route evaluation decision,the route is evaluated by TOPSIS method,and the attribute index is determined by entropy weight method.Then,the route is evaluated and sorted by judging the fit between the route selection and the ideal solution using TOPSIS method,so as to select a better route.Finally,the route of Harbin airport is evaluated.The results show that TOPSIS method can quantify the optimal route of airlines in different situations,which is consistent with the actual situation.The final result proves the effectiveness and feasibility of the evaluation method.A route evaluation method is provided when the attribute weight is unknown.