基于渐进弯曲成形双曲马鞍形金属板工艺研究

Forming Complex Curved Saddle Shaped Plate Based on Incremental Bending

目的 解决马鞍形板成形困难、成形效率低和成形精度低的问题。方法 通过理论分析和仿真方法对马鞍形板成形过程中的加载路径和回弹情况进行研究,分析马鞍形板成形所需最小能量加载轨迹和回弹补偿数值。在此基础上,采用渐进弯曲成形方法对3 mm厚的Q235钢板进行马鞍形板成形实验,并与仿真研究结果进行对比分析。结果 马鞍形板在不同冲压点的回弹高度基本相同,为12 mm左右,没有辅助支撑成形马鞍形板的实验结果和设计目标的平均误差为6.2mm,增加辅助支撑成形马鞍形板的实验结果和设计目标的平均误差为4.1 mm。结论 渐进弯曲成形方法能提高马鞍形板的成形效率和成形精度,节约成形加工成本。增加辅助支撑能明显改善马鞍形板的成形质量。

The work aims to solve the problems of forming difficulty, low forming efficiency and precision of saddle shaped plate. The loading path and springback situation of saddle shaped plate in formation were studied by theoretical and simulation methods. The minimum energy loading path and springback compensation required in formation of the saddle shaped plate were analyzed. On this basis, incremental bending forming was adopted to conduct forming experiment of saddle shaped plate made of 3 mm thick Q235 steel plate. The results were compared with that of simulation. The springback height of saddle shaped plates at different stamping points was basically the same as about 12 mm. The average error between the experimental results and the design goal of saddle shaped plates formed without auxiliary support was 6.2 mm, and the average error between the experimental results and the design goal of saddle shaped plates formed with additional auxiliary support was 4.1 mm. The results show that this method can improve the forming efficiency and precision of saddle shaped plate, and save the forming cost.The forming quality of saddle shaped plate can be improved obviously by adding auxiliary support.