长三角地区虚拟水贸易核算及转移研究——基于多区域投入产出模型

A Study on Virtual Water Trade Accounting and Transfer in Yangtze River Delta Area Based on a Multi-zone Input-output Model

文章以长三角地区产业部门间水资源转移为研究对象,构建多区域投入产出模型对区域部门间虚拟水贸易进行核算,结合我国长三角地区国民经济行业用水及其省际水资源空间转移等特征进行实证分析,提出缓解我国贸易经济发展中水资源压力的相关建议。研究结果表明:农业是完全耗水系数最高的产业,长三角地区农业发展仍需通过进口高耗水作物、优化农产品虚拟水贸易结构来缓解水资源压力;制造业作为虚拟水出口量最大的产业,创造的经济效益在浙江省和江苏省较高;服务业是长三角地区虚拟水拉动系数最高的产业,上海地区应进一步增加软件和信息服务等服务业的虚拟水产出效率及高新技术产业的资本投入。

This article constructs a multi-zone input-output model to adjust accounts of the virtual water trade among the regional sections by taking the water resource transfer among the industrial sections of the Yangtze River delta area.And then,it puts forward some relevant suggestions for alleviating the pressure of the water resources in China’s development of the trade economy combined with the results of the empirical analysis of the national economy industries‘water utilization and the interprovincial water resources transfer.The results show that the agriculture is the industry with the highest total water consumption coefficient;and the agricultural development in the Yangtze River delta area still needs to import high-water consumption crops and optimize the virtual water trade structure of agricultural products to alleviate the water resource pressure of each industrial sector and improve water efficiency;as the largest virtual water export industry,the manufacturing industry creates higher economic benefits in Zhejiang and Jiangsu;the service industry is the industry with the highest virtual water pulling coefficient in the Yangtze River Delta area;it is necessary to further increase the virtual aquatic production efficiency of the software and information service industry and the capital investment of high-tech industry the Shanghai area.