反复呼吸道感染合并维生素D缺乏症患儿的病情特点及预后观察

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of children with recurrent respiratory tract infection complicated with vitamin D deficiency

目的观察反复呼吸道感染合并维生素D缺乏症患儿的临床特点,分析影响患儿预后的相关因素。方法选取2017年12月至2021年12月衡阳市妇幼保健院收治的68例反复呼吸道感染合并维生素D缺乏症患儿为研究对象进行回顾性分析,根据不同的病情程度将患儿分为轻度组(26例)、中度组(24例)和重度组(18例)。比较3组患儿临床特征指标水平,记录不良预后发生率,采用多因素Logistic分析影响患儿预后的相关因素。结果重度组患儿睡眠质量显著低于轻度组,户外活动时间显著少于轻度组,被动吸烟、营养不良及偏食占比显著高于其他两组(P<0.05)。重度组与中度组患儿的睡眠质量、户外活动时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。68例患者中,不良预后6例,发生率为8.82%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,睡眠质量(OR=0.628,95%CI=0.164~0.617,P<0.05)和户外活动时间(OR=0.529,95%CI=0.201~0.700,P<0.05)是不良预后的保护因素,被动吸烟(OR=2.538,95%CI=1.159~7.859,P<0.05)、营养不良(OR=3.907,95%CI=1.045~7.833,P<0.05)及偏食(OR=1.929,95%CI=1.452~3.700,P<0.05)是不良预后的危险因素。结论反复呼吸道感染伴维生素D缺乏症患儿病情复杂,存在不良预后风险,不良预后的发生与患儿睡眠质量、户外活动时间、被动吸烟、营养状况及偏食与否相关,临床需引起重视。

Objective To observe the clinical characteristics of children with recurrent respiratory tract infection complicated with vitamin D deficiency and analyze the prognostic factors.Methods The clinical dataes of 68 children with recurrent respiratory tract infection complicated with vitamin D deficiency admitted to Hengyang Maternal and Childhealth Hospital from December 2017 to December 2021 were collected and retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into mild group(26 cases),moderate group(24 cases)and severe group(18 cases),which accorded to the severity of the disease.The clinical characteristics of the three groups were compared,the incidence of adverse prognosis were recorded,and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the related factors affecting the prognosis of children.Results The sleep quality of the severe group was significantly worse than that of the mild group,the time of outdoor activities were significantly less than that of the mild group,and the passive smoking,malnutrition and partial eating were significantly higher than those of the other two groups(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in sleep quality and outdoor activity time between severe group and moderate group(P>0.05).There were 6 patients of poor prognosis among the 68 patients,and the incidence of poor-prognosis was 8.82%.The logistic regression analysis showed that sleep quality(OR=0.628,95%CI=0.164~0.617,P<0.05)and outdoor activity time(OR=0.529,95%CI=0.201~0.700,P<0.05)were protective factors for poor prognosis.Passive smoking(OR=2.538,95%CI=1.159~7.859,P<0.05),malnutrition(OR=3.907,95%CI=1.045~7.833,P<0.05)and partial diet(OR=1.929,95%CI=1.452~3.700,P<0.05)were risk factor for poor prognosis.Conclusion The children with recurrent respiratory tract infection and vitamin D deficiency have complex conditions and poor-prognosis risk.The occurrence of poor prognosis are related to sleep quality,outdoor activity time,passive smoking,nutritional status and partial diet.Clinical attention should be paid to these factors.