董仲舒“君子观”探析

Reserach on Dong Zhongshu's View on"Gentleman"

“君子”作为儒家的核心范畴之一,受到了诸多学者的关注和阐发,并且其内涵也得到不断地丰富与发展。作为汉代儒学的集大成者,董仲舒亦关注“君子”这一概念,并且在继承前人的基础上进行了新的阐释。在董仲舒看来,君子人格和上天是紧密相连的,君子由天之所生,其内涵是对天意的彰显;而君子之所以为君子,在于其对仁义的追求。在如何成为君子的问题上,董仲舒注重从养气的角度加以阐发。认为养气,一则在于养君子之形体,一则在于养君子之德性,其最终的目的则在于达到中和状态,以顺天地之正。

As one of the core categories of Confucianism,"gentleman"has been concerned and elucidated by many scholars,and its connotation has been constantly enriched and developed.As a master of Confucianism in the Han Dynasty,Dong Zhongshu also paid attention to the concept of"gentleman",and made a new interpretation on the basis of inheriting the predecessors.In Dong Zhongshu's opinion,the gentleman's personality is closely linked to heaven,the gentleman comes from heaven,its connotation is the manifestation of heaven;and the reason why a person is a gentleman lies in his pursuit of benevolence and righteousness.On the issue of how to become a gentleman,Dong Zhongshu pays attention to elucidate from the perspective of Yangqi.It is believed that Yangqi lies in the cultivation of the gentleman's form and virtue,and its ultimate goal is to achieve a neutral state and follow the right of heaven and earth.