毛泽东领导农民扫盲教育实践的四维路径及其历史意义

The Four-Dimensional Path of Mao Zedong Leading the Practice of Farmers’Literacy Education and Its Historical Significance

毛泽东领导的农民扫盲教育实践,遵从“组织保证”“紧扣主题”“发动群众”“贴近实际”等四维路径。一是坚持中国共产党的领导,具体表现在:设立各级专项负责管理体制,保障扫盲工作规范有序开展,推动实施过程管理深入有效。二是围绕党的中心工作,服务于中国新民主主义革命、社会主义革命和社会主义建设。三是坚持走群众路线办学方针:为了群众开展扫盲教育,动员群众解决实际困难,依靠群众盘整师资力量。四是切合农业生产与农民生活,创造了农民扫盲教育与农业生产时间、农民日常生活、农民实际需要相结合的实践形式。在历年的多方共同努力下,毛泽东领导的农民扫盲教育实践,重塑了一种以农民为主体的大众文化,取得了重要成就,具有历史意义。

The practice of farmers'literacy education led by Mao Zedong followed the four-dimensional path of"organizational guarantee","sticking to the theme","mobilizing the masses"and"being close to reality".Firstly,it adheres to the leadership of CPC,which is specifically reflected in the establishment of a special responsibility management system at all levels to ensure the standardized and orderly development of literacy work and promote the in-depth and effective implementation of process management.Secondly,it focuses on Party’s central work and serves China’s new democratic revolution,socialist revolution and socialist construction.Thirdly,it implements the policy of the mass line in the process of running school,including carrying out literacy education for the masses,mobilizing the masses to solve practical difficulties,and relying on the masses to integrate teacher resources.Fourthly,it is suitable for agricultural production and farmers’life,and has created a practical form of combining farmers’literacy education with agricultural production time,farmers’daily life and actual needs.With the joint efforts of many parties over the years,the practice of farmers’literacy education led by Mao Zedong has reshaped a mass culture with farmers as the main body,and has made important achievements and historical significance.