创新类型、政府支持与经济增长效率提高

Innovation Type, Role of Government and the Improvement of Economic Growth Efficiency

不同创新类型因技术含量不同,对提高经济增长效率的影响也不同。充分发挥不同类型的技术创新对经济增长效率提高的促进作用,需要结合地区实际技术条件,正确处理技术创新活动中政府与市场的关系。实证检验不同类型的技术创新对经济增长效率的影响发现:(1)技术含量较高的创新对经济增长效率具有显著的负向作用,技术含量较低的创新对经济增长效率没有显著影响;(2)政府支持可以促进技术含量较高的创新提升经济增长效率,市场化改革有利于促进技术含量较低的创新提高经济增长效率;(3)在技术基础较弱地区,政府支持技术含量较高的创新提高经济增长效率,市场引导技术含量较低的创新不能显著提高经济增长效率;在技术基础较好的地区,以财税优惠为主的政府直接支持,难以促进技术创新提高经济增长效率,甚至产生消极影响,市场引导的技术创新可以提高经济增长效率。采用发明专利和高技术产业专利两种方法测度技术含量较高的创新,采用非发明专利和非高技术产业专利两种方法测度技术含量较低的创新,基本上得到了稳健的估计结果。因此,破解中国技术创新困境,关键在于结合地区技术条件实际情况,分别通过政府支持与市场化改革引导不同类型的创新,才能有效促进经济增长效率提升,形成创新驱动。

Different types of innovation have different effects on improving the efficiency of economic growth due to its different technical content. In order to maximize the innovation effect, it is necessary to correctly handle the relationship between the government and the market in independent innovation activities in combination with the actual technical level of the region. The empirical of examine of the impact of high-technical content and low-technical content innovation on economic growth efficiency found out:(1)High-technical content innovation has a significant negative effect on economic growth efficiency, and low-technical content innovation has no significant impact on economic growth efficiency;(2) Government support can promote high-technical content innovation and improve the efficiency of economic growth, and market-oriented reform is conducive to promoting low-technical content innovation and improving the efficiency of economic growth;(3) In areas with low technological level, government-supported innovation improves the efficiency of economic growth, while market-guided innovation cannot significantly improve economic growth efficiency;in areas with high technological level, government-supported innovation cannot significantly promote independent innovation or improve the efficiency of economic growth, market-led innovation can improve the efficiency of economic growth. Using different measurement methods, empirical research has basically obtained robust estimation results. Therefore, to solve the dilemma of China’s innovation, the key is to combine the actual situation of the regional technology level, and guide different types of innovation through government support and market-oriented reform, so as to promote the efficiency of economic growth and form an innovation drive effectively.