领导者逆向追随下属的时代需求、现实困境及策略建议

The Reverse Following of Leaders to Subordinates:Times Demand,Realistic Dilemma and Strategic Suggestions

组织内外部环境变革带来的组织结构与权力距离演变对传统追随行为发生的路径带来冲击,追随行为已经不再局限于组织中低职位角色的成员向领导者的上行追随,领导者对组织中低职位成员的逆向追随正日益增多。与此同时,领导者的逆向追随也面临主观意愿不够及缺少正确方法的现实困境。在实施原则上要以目标实现为共识,领导者开明为前提,下属响应为关键;在实施方法上要营造整体氛围,把握推进节奏,关注实施成效;在反馈机制上要科学评价绩效,及时纠正偏差,建立奖惩机制。

The evolution of organizational structure and power distance brought about by the change of internal and external environment of the organization has an impact on the path of traditional followership.Followership is not limited to upward following of leaders by members of lower-level roles in the organization.Whereas,a reversal trend is noted that the followership of lower-level roles increased markedly with age.Meanwhile,the reversal followership is confronted with the realistic dilemma of insufficient subjective will and lack of the right approach.In principle,the implementation should take the realization of goals as the consensus,the openness of leaders as the premise and the response of subordinates as the key.In terms of implementation methods,we should create an overall atmosphere,grasp the promotion rhythm and pay attention to the implementation results.In the feedback mechanism,we should scientifically evaluate the performance,correct the deviation in time,and establish a reward and punishment mechanism.