大口黑鲈对六种非粮蛋白源的表观消化率

APPARENT DIGESTIBILITY OF SIX NEW NON-GRAIN PROTEIN INGREDIENTS FOR LARGEMOUTH BASS(MICROPTERUS SALMOIDES)

实验以0.1%三氧化二钇(Y_(2)O_(3))为外源指示剂, 用“70%基础饲料+30%待测饲料原料”的方法配制实验饲料。测定初始体重为(19.28±0.10) g的大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)对荚膜甲基球菌蛋白、乙醇梭菌蛋白、黄粉虫粉、酶解大豆、小球藻和棉籽浓缩蛋白的干物质、蛋白质、脂肪、能量和氨基酸的表观消化率。结果显示, 6种实验原料干物质的表观消化率在37.27%—86.43%(荚膜甲基球菌蛋白>乙醇梭菌蛋白>酶解大豆>黄粉虫粉>小球藻>棉籽浓缩蛋白), 其中荚膜甲基球菌蛋白干物质的表观消化率最高, 乙醇梭菌蛋白次之, 黄粉虫粉、酶解大豆和小球藻之间没有显著性差异, 均显著高于棉籽浓缩蛋白(P<0.05);蛋白质的表观消化率在79.97%—88.45%(荚膜甲基球菌蛋白>乙醇梭菌蛋白>黄粉虫粉>酶解大豆>小球藻>棉籽浓缩蛋白), 其中荚膜甲基球菌蛋白和乙醇梭菌蛋白均显著高于酶解大豆、小球藻和棉籽浓缩蛋白(P<0.05);脂肪的表观消化率在51.19%—97.48%(乙醇梭菌蛋白>荚膜甲基球菌蛋白>酶解大豆>小球藻>黄粉虫粉>棉籽浓缩蛋白);能量的表观消化率在43.25%—85.43%(荚膜甲基球菌蛋白>乙醇梭菌蛋白>酶解大豆>黄粉虫粉>小球藻>棉籽浓缩蛋白);水解总氨基酸表观消化率在70.52%—90.51%(荚膜甲基球菌蛋白>乙醇梭菌蛋白>黄粉虫粉>酶解大豆>小球藻>棉籽浓缩蛋白)。各原料17种氨基酸表观消化率变化趋势与蛋白质表观消化率变化趋势基本一致。综上所述, 荚膜甲基球菌蛋白和乙醇梭菌蛋白的脂肪、能量和氨基酸的表观消化率最高, 且和黄粉虫粉、酶解大豆及小球藻的脂肪、能量、氨基酸的表观消化率均优于棉籽浓缩蛋白。因此, 荚膜甲基球菌蛋白、乙醇梭菌蛋白、小球藻、酶解大豆和黄粉虫粉均是大口黑鲈比较理想的蛋白质来源, 可作为大口黑鲈饲料中替代鱼粉的候选物。

Apparent digestibility of dry matter(ADMD),crude protein(ACPD),crude lipid(ACLD),gross energy(AED)and amino acids(AACA)in methanotroph(Methylococcus capsulatus,Bath)bacteria meal(MBM),cottonseed Clostridium autoethanogenum protein(CAP),Tenebrio molitor meal(TMM),enzyme-treated soy protein(ETSP),Chlorell meal(CM)and cottonseed protein concentrate(CPC)were determined respectively for largemouth bass(Micro-pterus salmoides).Apparent digestibility coefficients were determined by using a reference diet with 0.1%Yttrium oxide indicator and test diets that contained 70%reference diet and 30%of the test ingredient being evaluated.The large-mouth bass with an average body weight of(19.28±0.10)g were randomly divided into 7 groups with 3 replicates per group and 30 fish per replicate.ADMD coefficients of test ingredients ranged from 37.27%to 86.43%,and ADMD coefficients for CAP and MBM(82.77%-86.43%)were significantly higher than TMM,ETSP,CM,and CPC(P<0.05).ACPD coefficients of test ingredients ranged from 79.97%to 88.45%.The higher ACPD coefficients were observed in CAP and MBM(87.44%-88.45%),followed by TMM,which were significantly higher than those of CPC(79.97%;P<0.05);AACA coefficients of test ingredients ranged from 70.52%-90.51%.The variation trend of the AACA coefficients was basically consistent with that of ACPD coefficients.ACLD coefficients of test ingredients ranged from 51.19%-97.48%.The highest ACLD coefficients were observed in CAP and MBM(94.79%-97.48%).ACLD coefficients for TMM,ETSP and CM(63.11%-88.98%)were significantly higher than those of CPC(51.19%;P<0.05).AED coefficients of test ingredients ranged from 43.25%to 85.43%.The highest AED coefficients were ob-served in CAP and MBM(83.91%-85.43%).AED coefficients for TMM,ETSP and CM(72.09%-80.53%)were significantly higher than those of CPC(43.25%;P<0.05).These results indicate that CAP and MBM are the best pro-tein source for largemouth bass,and TMM,ETSP and CM are also high-quality protein source for largemouth bass.