我国地方数据立法的特征、挑战与展望

Characteristics, challenges and prospects of local legislation on data

我国地方数据立法实践开展较早,各地在以国家政策法律为导向的同时积极探索制度创新。整体来看,立法内容呈现从综合性到重点领域,再到综合性与重点领域并行的趋势,立法程度与数字经济发展水平呈正相关。政务数据开放一直是地方数据立法的重点,但各地对核心概念的界定并未达成一致,这成为政务数据跨区域流动的不利因素。同时,地方数据立法面临合法性与合理性双重考验,应准确把握立法权限与制度创新的关系。

The exploration of local legislation on data started very early.The local legislation actively explored innovation while taking national policy and legal provisions as the guidance.The legislative content showed a trend from comprehensive to key areas,and then to comprehensive and parallel with key areas.The level of legislation was positively correlated with the level of digital economy development.Government data opening has always been the focus of local legislation on data,but there is no consensus on the definition of the core concept,which has become an unfavorable factor for the cross-regional flow of government data.Local legislation on data is faced with the dual test of legitimacy and rationality,so it should be taken special care of the relationship between legislative authority and innovation.