健康中国视域下乡村医师学生职业认同与心理弹性相关性研究

Correlation Study between Professional Identity and Mental Resilience of Rural Medical Students from the Perspective of the Healthy China

目的了解新时代大健康背景下新疆地区乡村医师学生职业认同感现状及其与心理弹性的相关性,为其心理建设与职业认同的培养提供理论依据。方法采用横断面调查法,于2020年11月选取新疆医科大学2018—2020级乡村医师专业学生为研究对象,共880人进行基本资料、心理弹性量表和职业认同量表的问卷调查。结果(1)乡村医师专业学生心理弹性存在性别差异,男生得分均高于女生(P<0.05);坚韧性、力量性和乐观性维度中,参加大学社团活动或担任学生会职务的学生得分高于未参加或未担任者、担任过学生干部经历的学生得分高于未担任者,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)乡村医师专业学生职业认同中,职业认知维度由2020级到2019级、2018级得分呈上升趋势(P<0.05);职业情感、职业期望和职业价值观维度由2020级到2019级、2018级得分呈下降趋势(P<0.05);职业行为和职业承诺维度中,2019级得分最高,2018级得分呈回落趋势(P<0.05)。(3)多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,坚韧性人格品质(OR=1.04,95%CI=1.02~1.31)、学生生涯班干部经历(OR=1.01,95%CI=0.98~6.04)是乡村医师学生职业认同感的独立正向影响因素(P<0.05)。结论学生生涯班干部经历及坚韧性人格品质的乡村医师学生在职业认同感与其心理弹性中表现出独立影响的正向因素特点,医学院校应采用针对个性化的教育和引导,更好地培养基层医疗卫生人才。

Objective To understand the current situation of professional identity and its correlation with psychological elasticity of rural medical students in Xinjiang under the background of great health of new era,so as to provide theoretical basis for their psychological construction and the cultivation of professional identity.Methods This study adopted the cross-sectional survey method.In November 2020,a total of 880 rural doctors from Xinjiang Medical University from 2018 to 2020 were selected as the research object to conduct questionnaire survey on basic data,psychological resilience scale and professional identity scale.Results The main results were as follows:(1)There was gender differences in psychological resilience of rural physician majors,and the scores of boys were higher than those of girls(P<0.05).In the dimensions of tenacity,strength and optimism,those who had worked as student cadres were higher than those who did not,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);(2)In the professional identity of rural medical students,the vocational cognition dimension showed an upward trend from grade 2020 to 2019 and 2018(P<0.05).The scores of freshmen to juniors in the dimensions of professional emotion,professional expectation and professional values showed a downward trend(P<0.05).In the dimensions of professional behavior and professional commitment,the scores of sophomores were the highest,while the scores of juniors showed a downward trend(P<0.05);(3)The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that tenacity personality(OR=1.04,95%CI:1.02-1.31)and team leadership(OR=1.01,95%CI:0.98-6.04)were related to rural medical students’independent positive influencing factors.Conclusion Student career class leader experience and tough personality quality have positive effect on the relationship of professional identity and psychological resilience of rural physician students.Medical universities should provide targeted education and guidance to better train grass-roots medical and health talents.