疫情常态化防控时期湖北省青少年心理健康现状及其影响因素研究

The Status and Correlates of Mental Health among Adolescents in Hubei Province during the Period of Normalized Epidemic Prevention and Control

目的探讨疫情常态化防控时期青少年心理健康现状,并探究相关影响因素,为疫后青少年心理建设提供科学依据。方法整群抽样抽取湖北省4个城市的16所初高中学校共8042名青少年,于2021年2月进行线上问卷调查。分别使用广泛性焦虑量表、流调中心抑郁量表和网络成瘾诊断问卷评估青少年焦虑、抑郁和网络成瘾,采用多因素非条件Logistic回归分析人口学信息及家庭因素对疫情常态化防控时期青少年心理健康的影响。结果湖北省青少年焦虑症状、抑郁症状和网络成瘾检出率分别为33.9%,21.3%和14.9%。性别为女(OR=1.33,95%CI:1.20~1.46)、亲子关系不融洽(OR=2.26~7.47)为焦虑症状的危险因素;性别为女(OR=1.39,95%CI:1.24~1.56)、亲子关系不融洽(OR=2.25~13.34)是抑郁症状的危险因素,母亲受教育程度为本科及以上(OR=0.65,95%CI:0.49~0.85)、家庭月收入高(OR=0.64,95%CI:0.42~0.98)为抑郁症状的保护因素;亲子关系不融洽为网络成瘾(OR=2.02~5.99)的危险因素,性别为女(OR=0.82,95%CI:0.72~0.93)为网络成瘾的保护因素。结论疫情常态化防控时期,湖北省青少年心理健康问题不容忽视,其心理健康与家庭因素密切相关,且存在性别差异。

Objective To explore the status of adolescents’mental health in the normalization stage of prevention and control of COVID-19 and explore the relevant influencing factors,so as to provide scientific basis for the psychological construction of adolescents in the period.Methods A total of 8042 adolescents from 16 middle and high schools in 4 cities of Hubei province were selected by cluster sampling in February 2021.Adolescents’anxiety,depression and Internet addiction were assessed by using the Generalized Anxiety Scale,The Flow Center Depression Scale and the Internet Addiction Diagnostic Questionnaire,respectively,and the effects of demographic information and family factors on adolescents’mental health were analyzed by multi-factor non-conditional Logistic regression.Results The detection rates of anxiety symptoms,depression symptoms and Internet addiction were 33.9%,21.3%and 14.9%,respectively.Gender being female(OR=1.33,95%CI:1.20-1.46)and poor parent-child relationship(OR=2.26-7.47)were risk factors for anxiety symptoms.Gender being female(OR=1.39,95%CI:1.24-1.56)and poor parent-child relationship(OR=2.25-13.34)were risk factors for depressive symptoms.Maternal education of bachelor degree OR above(OR=0.65,95%CI:0.49-0.85)and high levels of family income(OR=0.64,95%CI:0.42-0.98)were protective factors for depressive symptoms.Poor parent-child relationship was a risk factor for Internet addiction(OR=2.02-5.99),while gender of female(OR=0.82,95%CI:0.72-0.93)was a protective factor for it.Conclusion In the period of normalized epidemic prevention and control,the mental health problems of adole-scents cannot be ignored in Hubei province.The mental health of adolescents is closely associated with factors of family and show intensive gender difference.