社区老年人生活空间受限现状及影响因素研究

Investigation on the Status and Influence Factors of Life Space Constriction among Community-dwelling Elderly People

目的调查社区老年人生活空间受限现状并分析其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,选取石家庄市311例65岁以上的社区老年人为研究对象,进行问卷调查。通过描述性统计、卡方检验及Logistic多因素回归分析,探讨社区老年人生活空间受限的影响因素。结果48.2%老年人存在生活空间受限,多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、慢性病数量、近一年跌倒史、社会参与、认知功能、下肢功能是社区老年人生活空间受限的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论社区中生活空间受限的老年人占比较高,提示社区应对影响老年人生活空间受限的因素进行科学管理,加强对生活空间的评估,不断优化服务,完善相应设施,从而预防或延缓老年人生活空间受限。

Objective To investigate the current status of life space constriction among community-dwelling elderly people and analyze its influencing factors.Methods By convenient sampling,311 community-dwelling elderly people over 65 years old in Shijiazhuang were selected and investigated using demographic questionnaire,Chinese version of the Life Space Assessment,Mini-Mental State Examination,Activities of Daily Living Scale,Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale,Short Physical Performance Battery,and Geriatric depression Scale-15.Results 48.2%elderly people had life space constriction.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age,numbers of chro-nic conditions,history of falls in the past year,social participation,cognitive function,lower limb function were inf-luencing factors for life space constriction(P<0.05).Conclusion The proportion of life space constriction among the community-dwelling elderly is high.It is suggested that attention should be paid to the evaluation of the life space among the community-dwelling elderly,and timely intervention measurements should be taken to prevent or delay the limitation of life space constriction.