心脏康复运动训练在临床的应用进展

Advances in Clinical Application of Cardiac Rehabilitation Exercise Training

心血管疾病(CVD)作为世界重大公共卫生问题,其在非传染性疾病中的病死率一直居于全球首位。随着社会经济的发展,我国CVD发病人数持续增加,因此对CVD患者进行心脏康复(CR)尤为重要。运动训练是CR的核心部分,其可减少心血管事件的发生、改善患者心肺适能、促进心理健康、改善CVD患者预后,从而使患者获益。现阶段CR运动训练主要由有氧运动、抗阻训练、柔韧性训练、平衡能力训练、呼吸功能训练五个模块构成。制定好应急处理预案,推动中国传统功法在CR中的应用,提高我国CR领域人才、经费、科研投入,形成完备的康复医疗体系,将现代科技与CR运动训练相结合以协同促进CR的发展仍是当前工作的重点。本文系统梳理了CR运动训练的临床应用进展,并对现存的若干问题进行思考与展望,以期为临床工作者指导患者进行运动训练提供参考。

Cardiovascular disease(CVD)is a major public health problem in the world,and its mortality rate among non-communicable diseases has always ranked the first in the world.With the development of social economy,the number of CVD cases in China continues to increase,so cardiac rehabilitation(CR)is particularly important for CVD patients.Exercise training is the core part of CR,it can reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular events,improve the cardiorespiratory fitness of patients,promote psychological health,and improve the prognosis of patients with CVD,thereby benefiting patients.At this stage,CR exercise training is mainly composed of five modules:aerobic exercise,resistance training,flexibility training,balance function training,and breathing function training.Developing a good emergency treatment plan,promoting the application of traditional Chinese exercise in CR,improving the talents,funding and scientific research input of CR field in China,promoting a complete rehabilitation medical system,combining modern science and technology with CR exercise training to synergistically promote the development of CR are still the focus of current work.This article systematically combs the clinical application progress of CR exercise training,and takes a thinking outlook on several existing issues,in order to provide a reference for clinical workers to guide patients'exercise training.