黑龙江垦区农业机械跨区作业优化调配研究

Research on Optimal Allocation of Cross Regional Operation of Agricultural Achinery in Heilongjiang Reclamation Area

随着农业机械化的发展,我国农业机械保有量迅速增长,但不同省份及不同区域间机械化发展水平相差较大,季节性农业机械作业需求与供给仍不平衡。黑龙江垦区有着丰富而高效的农业机械资源,但作业时间短、闲置期长,这也为农业机械跨区作业提供了便利的条件。通过分析垦区农业机械跨区作业的优势及存在的问题,构建以基于总收入最大为目标的场内外统一调配模型,并利用粒子群算法对模型进行求解,得出最优的农业机械作业路径,能够有效整合农机资源,提高农业机械利用率,促进农机户收入增加,为农机管理部门和农机户调配农业机械决策提供参考依据。

With the development of agricultural mechanization,the ownership of agricultural machinery in China has increased rapidly,but the development level of mechanization varies greatly among different provinces and regions,and the demand and supply of seasonal agricultural machinery operation are still unbalanced.Heilongjiang reclamation area has rich and efficient agricultural machinery resources,but the operation time is short and the idle period is long,which also provides convenient conditions for the cross regional operation of agricultural machinery.By analyzing the advantages and existing problems of cross regional operation of agricultural machinery in reclamation area,this paper constructs a unified allocation model inside and outside the field based on the maximum total income,and uses particle swarm optimization algorithm to solve the model to obtain the optimal operation path of agricultural machinery,which can effectively integrate agricultural machinery resources,improve the utilization rate of agricultural machinery and increase the income of agricultural machinery households,It provides a reference basis for the decision-making of agricultural machinery allocation by agricultural machinery management departments and agricultural machinery households.