船舶海上超视距无线自定位技术研究

Research on Maritime Over-the-Horizon Wireless Autonomous Positioning Technology for Ships

针对卫星拒止环境下,海上船舶及其编队对导航定位性能的最低保障需求,开展了一系列研究。首先分析了线阵综合测角的基本理论,用遗传算法对线阵进行了综合仿真,用谱估计对线阵测角进行了研究;其次对圆阵综合测角进行了理论分析,对圆阵、圆柱阵进行了综合计算和谱估计测角仿真,分析了不同阵元数、信噪比等情况下的测向夹角情况,并对多信号同时测角情况进行了仿真;最后阐述了夹角定位的基本思想,提出了船舶传感器构阵测角的可能形式,并对定位数据进行了分析及滤波优化。研究结果表明,相关技术对船舶海上导航定位有积极的参考意义。

Series of studies have been carried out to meet the minimum requirements of navigation and positioning performance of marine ships and their formations in the satellite denial environment.Firstly,the basic theory of linear array comprehensive angle measurement is analyzed,the linear array is simulated by genetic algorithm,and the linear array angle measurement is studied by spectral estimation.Secondly,the comprehensive angle measurement of circular ring array is analyzed in theory,the comprehensive calculation of circular ring array and cylindrical array and the simulation of spectral estimation angle measurement are carried out,the angle measurement of direction under different array elements and signal-to-noise ratio are analyzed,and the simultaneous angle measurement of multiple signals is simulated.Finally,the basic idea of angle positioning is described,and the possible forms of angular measurement by ship sensor array are proposed.The positioning data are analyzed and filtered.The results show that the related technology has positive reference significance for the navigation and positioning of ships.