激光与电解复合加工技术研究现状及展望

Research Status and Prospect of Laser and Electrochemical Hybrid Machining Processes

激光与电解复合加工通过对激光与电化学能量场的时空协同耦合控制,发挥激光加工和电解加工的优势,避免激光加工壁面热损伤和表面溅射,提升局部电解加工效率,实现难加工材料的高表面质量、高效率精密加工,是当前特种加工和先进制造领域的研究热点。提出了激光与电解复合加工的技术内涵及分类,从同步和异步复合两方面介绍了当前国内外激光与电解复合加工技术的发展现状,揭示了激光与电化学能量场时空协同耦合作用机理,阐述了激光与电解复合加工技术的优势和不足,分析了激光与电解复合加工技术面临的挑战和发展趋势。

Laser and electrochemical machining(LECM)process controls the spatio-temporal coupling of laser and electrochemical energy fields to machine workpiece materials with high surface quality,high efficiency and high precision.LECM combines the advantages of laser processing and electrochemical machining(ECM),and avoids the laser-induced thermal damage.Also,the machining rate of ECM could be improved.LECM has become a research focus in the field of non-conventional machining and advanced manufacturing.The definition and classification of LECM were proposed.The development status of LECM at home and abroad was reviewed including synchronous and sequential LECM processes.The mechanisms of spatio-temporal coupling of laser and electrochemical energy fields were revealed,and the advantages and disadvantages of LECM were clarified.Finally,the challenges and development trends of LECM have been analyzed.