非电起爆网路修正单响药量计算及PPV预测应用实例

Calculation of modified charge amount per delay in non-electric initiation network and its application in onsite PPV prediction

雷管延时误差引起的同段齐发炮孔起爆时刻离散及分段爆破振动叠加效应缺乏深入研究,给非电起爆网路单响药量取值及质点峰值振动速度(particle peak vibration velocity,PPV)预报带来极大困难。考虑雷管延时误差的正态分布特性,利用概率理论分析雷管段别及延时误差对炮孔起爆时刻重叠的影响规律,构建同时起爆炮孔排数的概率计算模型(probability calculation model,PCM);研究同段齐发炮孔起爆时刻的离散效应及等效药量取值方法,创新性提出修正单响药量概念及计算方法,并将其应用到现场PPV预测。结果表明:传爆网路的延时误差累积,引起显著的分段爆破振动叠加现象,导致非电起爆网路实际单响药量大于设计值;孔外MS3传爆、孔内MS11起爆与孔外MS2传爆、孔内MS9起爆的非电网路,同时起爆炮孔排数的期望值分别为2.35和4.67;同段齐发炮孔等效药量值比该段总药量小,可利用缩比因子折算同段齐发炮孔数目计算得到。利用修正单响药量回归爆破振动速度模型拟合效果好,两项工程应用的PPV预测值与监测值间平均相对误差(absolute relative error,ARE)为5.2%和8.5%,均方误差(root mean squared error,RMSE)为0.59 cm/s和0.85 cm/s;实践中可依据同一振速模型对不同爆破次数时PPV进行预测,节约振动监测成本。

Due to lack of in-depth study on discretization of initiation moments of simultaneous initiating holes in the same segment and superposition effect of segmented blasting vibration caused by detonator delay error,it is very difficult to determine charge weight per delay and predict particle peak vibration velocity(PPV)of non-electric initiation network.Here,considering normal distribution characteristics of detonator delay error,influence laws of detonator segmentation and delay error on overlapping of blast hole initiation moments were analyzed by using the probability theory,and the probability calculation model(PCM)of the number of simultaneously initiating hole rows was constructed.The discrete effect of initiation moments of simultaneous initiating holes in the same segment and the determining method of equivalent charge amount were studied,the concept and calculation method for modified charge weight per delay were proposed innovatively and applied in onsite PPV prediction.The results showed that cumulation of detonator delay errors of initiation network causes a significant superposition of segmented blasting vibration to result in actual charge weight per delay of non-electric initiation network being larger than the design value;expected values of number of simultaneously initiating holes are 2.35 and 4.67,respectively for non-electric network of outside hole MS3 detonation&inside hole MS11 initiation,and that of outside hole MS2 detonation and inside hole MS9 initiation;the equivalent charge amount of simultaneously initiating holes in the same segment is smaller than the total charge of this segment,the former can be calculated by converting the number of simultaneously initiating holes in the same segment with scaling factor;the modified charge weight per delay being used to regress the blasting vibration velocity model has good fitting effect,absolute relative error(ARE)values between PPV predicted value and PPV monitored value in two engineering applications are 5.2%and 8.5%,respectively and root mean squared error(RMSE)values are 0.59 cm/s and 0.85 cm/s,respectively;in practice,PPV values for different blasting times can be predicted according to the same vibration velocity model to save vibration monitoring cost.