产业政策能否改善城市空气质量--基于国家级高新区设立的准自然实验

Can Industrial Policies Improve Urban Air Quality:Quasi Natural Experiment Based on the Establishment of National High-tech Zone

新时代推动中国经济高质量发展,需要依靠有效的产业政策实施,更需要注重与环境保护目标的衔接。文章利用2006—2020年中国283个城市的面板数据,基于国家级高新区设立这一准自然实验,运用多期DID方法,评估以高科技产业政策实施为核心的国家级高新区设立对城市空气质量的影响。研究发现:以国家级高新区设立为代表的产业政策实施对本地空气质量的改善作用显著,对邻近城市的空气质量提升亦具有显著的溢出效应;异质性研究结果表明,国家级高新区设立对资源型城市空气质量具有更强的影响效应,且在互联网发展水平较高和金融发展水平高的城市,其改善效应更加明显;机制检验表明,产业协调、技术创新和资源配置是国家级高新区推动城市空气质量改善的三个传导途径。

To promote the high-quality development of China’s economy in the new era,we need to rely on the implementation of effective industrial policies,and more importantly,we need to pay attention to the connection with the objectives of environmental protection.Using the panel data of 283 cities in China from 2006 to 2020,based on the quasi natural experiment of the establishment of national high-tech zones,this paper uses the multi-stage DID method to evaluate the impact of the establishment of national high-tech zones with the implementation of high-tech industrial policies on urban air quality.It is found that the implementation of industrial policies represented by the establishment of national high tech zones has a significant effect on the improvement of local air quality,and also has a significant spillover effect on the improvement of air quality in neighboring cities;the heterogeneity research results show that the establishment of national high-tech zones has a stronger impact on the air quality of resource-based cities,and the improvement effect is more obvious in cities with high Internet development level and high financial development level;the mechanism test shows that industrial coordination,technological innovation,and resource allocation are the three transmission channels for national high-tech zones to promote the improvement of urban air quality.