从“效率优先”转向“兼顾均衡”——长三角城市群全球要素流动的网络空间与规划引导

FROM “EFFICIENCY FIRST” TO “CONSIDERING EQUILIBRIUM”: NETWORK SPACE AND PLANNING GUIDANCE OF GLOBAL FACTOR FLOW IN YANGTZE RIVER DELTA URBAN AGGLOMERATION

面对国际逆全球化趋势,国家着力构建“双循环”的新发展格局,提出实施全面扩大开放战略,全球要素依然是城市群发展的关键。将全球要素流动从“效率优先”转向“兼顾均衡”,有助于破解城市群发展“不平衡、不充分”的问题,最终实现区域共同富裕。本文使用国际手机漫游数据与世界500强企业数据识别城市群全球要素流动,通过构建“属性-网络”的理论分析框架,分析城市群全球要素流动的网络空间与影响因素。研究发现:第一,少数关键节点主导的非均衡网络显著增强全球要素流通效率,但以牺牲长三角城市群均衡发展为代价;第二,全球要素流动受到产业、市场、创新、制度和设施等城市属性特征的影响,城市属性的地区差异导致片面追求“效率优先”的全球要素难以自发“均衡”流动。最后,从都市圈、创新空间、基础设施与政策引导四个方面提出规划引导策略。

Facing the trend of international antiglobalization, China has made great efforts to build a new development pattern of “double circulation” and put forward the strategy of comprehensively expanding the opening up. Global factors are still the key to the development of urban agglomeration. Shifting the global factor flow from “efficiency first” to “considering equilibrium” will help to solve the problem of “unbalanced and insufficient” development of urban agglomeration and ultimately realize regional common prosperity. This paper uses the international mobile roaming data and the data of the world’s top 500 enterprises to identify the global factor flow of urban agglomeration. By formulating the theoretical analysis framework of “attribute-network”, this paper analyzes the cyberspace and influencing factors of the global factor flow of urban agglomeration. It is found that, first, the unbalanced network dominated by a few key nodes significantly enhances the global factor circulation efficiency, but at the expense of the balanced development of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration;second, the flow of global factors is affected by the characteristics of urban attributes such as industry, market, innovation, system and facilities. The regional differences of urban attributes lead to the difficulty of spontaneous “equilibrium” flow of global factors that unilaterally pursue “efficiency first”. Finally, it puts forward planning guidance strategies from four aspects: metropolitan area, innovation space, infrastructure, and policy guidance.