陀思妥耶夫斯基与尼采的生存哲学比较研究

A Comparative Study of Existential Philosophy between Dostoevsky and Nietzsche

陀思妥耶夫斯基与尼采在思想上有大量相似的地方,尤其是在生存哲学方面,尼采本人发现了这点并承认陀思妥耶夫斯基对他产生了影响。陀思妥耶夫斯基与尼采的生存哲学都以反理性主义为进路,他们都诊断出19世纪末欧洲流行的虚无主义精神疾病;并通过对“非凡人”和“超人”的塑造,都走上了克服虚无主义的道路;最后在“灵魂不死”与“永恒轮回”的设想中,都完成了其爱生命的哲学主张。

There are a lot of similarities between Dostoevsky and Nietzsche in thought, especially in existential philosophy. Nietzsche himself found this and admitted that Dostoevsky had an impact on him. Both Dostoevsky’s and Nietzsche’s existential philosophy adopted anti-rationalism as their approach;they both diagnosed the nihilistic mental illness that prevailed in Europe at the end of the 19th century;through the shaping of “extraordinary man” and “superman”, they both embarked on the road to overcome nihilism;and finally, in the assumption of “immortal soul” and “eternal recurrence”, they both completed their philosophical proposition of loving life.