自决还是传播--戈登·柴尔德论欧洲文明的起源

The View of Childe on the Origin of European Civilization

戈登·柴尔德是20世纪著名的西方马克思主义考古学家,同时也是欧洲史前史研究的专家。20世纪20年代关于欧洲文明的起源存在两种争论,即东方来源说和西方独立发展说。柴尔德综合两派的观点,认为欧洲文明的起源即存在东方因素,也存在欧洲自决的因素。柴尔德利用考古资料对欧洲文明起源进行探讨,这丰富了欧洲文明起源的理论,为学术界认识欧洲文明起源问题提供了新视野。

Gordon Childe was a famous Western Marxist archaeologist in 20th century and an professional in European prehistory.There were two disputes about the origin of European civilization in 1920s,namely,the theory of Oriental origin and the theory of Occidental independent development.Childe combined the views of the two factions and believed that the origin of European civilization included both Oriental factors and European self-determination.Childe used archaeological data to explore the origin of European civilization,which enriched the theory of it,and provided a new perspective for the academy to understand the origin of European civilization.