大气细颗粒物短期暴露对老年人血脂代谢的影响

Associations between personal fine particulate matter and blood lipid profiles:A panel study in Chinese people aged 60-69 years

目的研究大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)短期暴露对老年人血脂代谢的影响。方法采用定群研究设计,于2018年9月至2019年1月,在山东省济南市招募76名60~69岁老年人并进行5次随访,每次随访开展3 d的个体暴露监测,随后进行问卷调查、体格检查和血样采集与检测。血脂检测项目包括甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),同时通过TC减HDL-C计算得到非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(non-HDL-C)浓度。利用广义线性混合效应模型分析PM2.5个体暴露与老年人群血脂代谢的关联。结果 70名对象年龄为(65.0±2.8)岁;男性占48.6%(34名);BMI为(25.0±2.5)kg/m2;TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C以及non-HDL-C浓度分别为(5.75±1.32)、(1.55±0.53)、(3.27±0.94)、(1.78±0.52)和(3.97±1.06)mmol/L。广义线性混合效应模型分析结果显示,调整混杂因素后,滞后72 h PM2.5浓度每升高10 μg/m3,TC、LDL-C、HDL-C和non-HDL-C的百分比变化值(95%CI)分别为1.77%(1.22%~2.32%)、1.90%(1.18%~2.63%)、1.99%(1.37%~2.60%)和1.74%(1.11%~2.37%),高TC、高TG和高LDL-C的患病风险OR(95%CI)值分别为1.11(1.01~1.22)、1.33(1.03~1.71)和1.15(1.01~1.31)。结论 PM2.5短期暴露对老年人血脂指标的浓度水平和血脂异常风险均有影响。

Objective To explore the association between short-term exposures to fine particulate matter(PM2.5)on blood lipids in the elderly.Methods In this panel study,five repeated measurements were performed on 76 people aged 60-69 in Jinan city.Each participant had a PM2.5 monitor for 72 hours before each health examination,including a questionnaire survey,physical examination,and biological sample collection.Serum triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were examined,and non-HDL-C concentrations were calculated by subtracting HDL-C from TC.The generalized linear mixed-effects model was used to quantify the association of personal PM2.5 exposure at different lag with blood lipids and dyslipidemia.Results The age of 70 participants was(65.0±2.8)years,of which 48.6%(34/70)were males.The BMI of participants was(25.0±2.5)kg/m2.Their TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,and non-HDL-C concentrations were(5.75±1.32),(1.55±0.53),(3.27±0.94),(1.78±0.52),and(3.97±1.06)mmol/L,respectively.Generalized linear mixed-effects model showed that after adjusting for confounding factors,at lag 72 hours,each 10μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with the percentage change in TC,LDL-C,HDL-C and non-HDL-C about 1.77%(95%CI:1.22%-2.32%),1.90%(95%CI:1.18%-2.63%),1.99%(95%CI:1.37%-2.60%)and 1.74%(95%CI:1.11%-2.37%),and the OR values(95%CI)of hypercholesterolemia,hypertriglyceridemia and hyperbetalipoproteinemia were 1.11(1.01-1.22),1.33(1.03-1.71)and 1.15(1.01-1.31),respectively.Conclusion There is a significant association of short-term PM2.5 exposure with the concentration of blood lipids and the risk of dyslipidemia in the elderly.