试论《礼记》中的情—礼关系

On the Relationship between Emotions and Rites in The Book of Rites

对儒家而言,内在的情与外在的礼之关系是一基础论题。情是人心感应于事物而生发的内在心理活动,为人之现实生命活动的基本表达样态。礼之制定与践履须以人之诚意与真情作为内在要素与基本要求;同时,礼亦能够表现情,文饰情,又还以培植情,这些都表现出礼“顺人情”的一面。另外,礼还节制人情,使之合宜适中,由此建立和谐的伦理—政治秩序,这是礼“治人之情”的一面。立足于对人情的随顺与治理,礼成为既仁且智之人道。

For Confucianism, the relationship between inner emotions and outer rituals is a basic topic. Emotion is the general name of all kinds of inner psychological feelings, and it is the basic expression of people’s real life.People’s sincerity and true feelings should be taken as the intrinsic elements and basic requirements in the formulation and practice of rites. At the same time, the ritual can also express, decorate the feeling, and cultivate the feeling, all of which show the "obedience to human feelings" side of etiquette. In addition, rituals also control human emotions and make them suitable and moderate, so that a stable and harmonious ethic-political order can be established, which is the aspect of governing human feelings of rites.Based on the obedience and management of human emotions, rites have become a a humane being both benevolent and intelligent.