“近北极国家”的概念界定及其范围划分

The Concept and Scope of "Near Arctic Countries"

伴随北极问题的全球化发展趋势,越来越多的北极域外国家意识到北极问题的重要性,开始关注北极事务,逐渐争取北极治理的参与权。但因缺乏像“北极国家”这样明确的身份,北极域外国家参与北极事务进程中阻碍重重。明确“近北极国家”而非北极国家身份有助于为域外国家参与北极事务提供更多机会。因此,本文在对“近北极国家”概念进行明确界定的基础上,从地理位置、地缘关系两大方面,基于空间距离、政治关系、航线关系、资源关系、科考关系等指标,对现阶段“近北极国家”范围进行了划分,共包括分布于亚欧地区的30个国家,未来“近北极国家”范围将不断扩展,“近北极国家”间关系也将日渐紧密,亚洲国家在“近北极国家”圈内的重要性将不断凸显。

With the globalization of the Arctic issue, more and more foreign countries realize the importance of the Arctic issue, begin to pay attention to Arctic affairs, and gradually strive for the right to participate in Arctic governance. However, due to the lack of such a clear identity as "Arctic country", there are many obstacles for foreign countries to participate in the process of Arctic affairs. Making clear the identity of "near Arctic country" rather than Arctic country will help to provide more opportunities for foreign countries to participate in Arctic affairs. Therefore, on the basis of a clear definition of the concept of "near Arctic countries", this paper divides the scope of "near Arctic countries" at the present stage from two aspects of geographical location and geographical relationship, based on spatial distance, political relationship, airline relationship, resource relationship, scientific research relationship and other indicators, including 30 countries in Asia and Europe.In the future, the scope of "near Arctic countries" will continue to expand,the relationship between "near Arctic countries" will become increasingly close,and the importance of Asian countries in the "near Arctic countries" circle will continue to highlight.