2019—2021年亚洲国家传染病疫情流行情况分析

Analysis of the prevalence of infectious diseases in Asia countries,2019-2021

目的分析亚洲传染病疫情流行情况,为口岸传染病查验提供数据支撑。方法收集发病时间在2019—2021年的全球权威机构发布的传染病信息,提取国家名称、疾病名称、发病时间(周次或月次)、发病人数等主要变量,描述疾病种类、主要疾病的时间分布和空间分布。结果2019年1月—2021年12月,亚洲48个国家和地区中有32个报告了传染病疫情信息。除我国外的亚洲国家报告传染病病例数居前3位的是流感、登革热和霍乱,病例数分别占全部法定报告传染病病例数的59.66%、21.03%和12.88%。流感疫情的高发季节为每年11月至次年2月,亚洲各国均有疫情报告,国外登革热疫情高峰在7-9月,早于我国2个月。也门暴发了霍乱疫情,发病高峰为2019年4月,此后病例数总体呈下降趋势。中东呼吸综合征和寨卡病毒病等国际关注的传染病在部分国家有少量报告。结论对亚洲国家的入境人员,我国口岸检疫需聚焦流感、登革热等常见高发传染病,并应防范我国尚无流行的国际关注传染病的输入。

Objectives To analyze the epidemic characteristics of infectious diseases in Asia,and to inform infectious diseases inspection at ports.Methods The information on infectious diseases released by global authorities during2019 to 2021 was collected,and variables such as country,disease,month of epidemic and number of cases were extracted,temporal and spatial distribution of major diseases were described.Results A total of 32 of 48 Asian countries reported epidemic of infectious diseases during January 2019 to December 2021.Influenza,dengue fever and cholera placed the top three among all report infectious diseases among Asian countries other than China,and the case number accounted for 59.66%,21.03%and 12.88%of all notifiable infectious disease.Influenza peaked from November to February of the following year and circulated in all Asian counties.Dengue fever peaked from July to September in other Asia countries,about 2 month earlier than China.Cholera epidemic outbroke in Yemen.The case number peaked at April 2019 and decreased from that on.MERS and Zika virus disease epidemics were also reported in several countries.Conclusion Health inspection of infectious diseases entry from other Asian countries at ports should focus on high incidence diseases such as influenza and dengue fever,as well as infectious diseases of international concern.