基于学科理解的认识视角研究——以有机物分子组成与结构主题为例

Understanding Perspectives of Chemistry Theme:Composition and Structure of Organic Compounds

学科理解对教师教学的主要价值在于凝练学科本原性问题、抽提认识视角、厘清认识思路及建构主题概念层级结构,其中认识视角决定了理解问题的深刻程度,能够指引认识思路的发展,具有学科认识论层面的重要价值。本研究探讨学科理解视域下的认识视角是如何抽提并发展的,以有机物分子组成与结构主题为例。通过理解化学史得出抽提认识视角的过程:(1)追溯化学家本原性思想,分析概念的学科功能;(2)基于学科功能抽提认识视角,纵向体会认识视角的发展性;(3)基于矛盾冲突丰富认识视角,横向体会认识视角的多面性;(4)基于认识视角发展结构化、本原性的理解。

The main value of understanding of chemistry subject to teachers’teaching lies in condensing the original problems of learning subjects,extracting the perspective,developing the cognitive thinking and constructing the hierarchical structure of theme concept.The perspective determines the development of the way of thinking and the degree of problem original,which has important value of subject epistemology.This study explores how the cognitive perspective is extracted and developed from the perspective of disciplinary understanding,taking the theme of organic molecular composition and structure as an example.Tracing the original thought of chemists and analyzing the disciplinary function of concepts is the primary link to extract the perspective;secondly,based on the perspective of discipline function,we can experience the development of perspective vertically;enrich the cognitive perspective based on contradictions and conflicts,and realize the multifaceted perspective horizontally;finally,develop a structured and original understanding based on the perspective.