技术认知、获得程度与农户耕地质量保护提升行为

TECHNOLOGICAL COGNITION,DEGREE OF ACQUISITION AND FARMERS'BEHAVIOR OF PROTECTING AND IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF CULTIVATED LAND

[目的]研究农户技术认知与获得程度对推动耕地质量保护提升工作开展有重要意义。[方法]文章以新疆为例,基于农户调查数据,利用二元Logistic模型分析技术认知、获得程度与农户耕地质量保护提升行为关系。[结果](1)影响农户采用行为的关键因素主要来自农户对耕地质量保护提升补贴额的满意程度、现行技术满足程度、重要性认知水平、效果感受评价情况方面。(2)耕地质量保护提升的补贴形式对农户采用相关技术的行为有不同程度的影响,但结果的显著性不明显。(3)异质性结果表明:耕地质量保护提升补贴额的满意程度对南疆、东疆农户采用农膜残留回收技术、无害施肥施药技术和盐渍化治理技术的行为影响较大;耕地质量保护提升的重要性认知对北疆农户采用测土配方施肥技术、无害施肥施药技术和高效节水滴灌技术的行为影响较强;耕地质量保护提升的效果评价对南疆、东疆农户采用盐渍化治理技术的行为影响很强。[结论]当前新疆农户有强烈的耕地质量保护提升技术需求和采用愿望,要加强政策宣传与普及力度,引导农户积极开展技术交流,提高耕地质量保护提升技术采用水平。

To study the technological cognition and acquisition of farmers is of great significance to promote the protection and improvement of cultivated land quality.Based on the survey data of rural households,the binary Logistic model was used to analyze the relationship between technical cognition,degree of acquisition and farmers′behavior of cultivated land quality protection and improvement in Xinjiang region.The key factors affecting farmers′adoption behavior mainly came from farmers′satisfaction with the subsidy amount of cultivated land quality protection,the satisfaction degree of current technology,the cognitive level of importance and the evaluation of effect perception.Although the form of subsidy for the improvement of cultivated land quality protection had varying degrees of impact on farmers′behavior of adopting related technologies,the result indicated no-significance.The heterogeneity results showed that the satisfaction of improving subsidy for cultivated land quality protection had a great influence on the behavior of farmers in southern and eastern Xinjiang to adopt agricultural film residue recovery technology,harmless fertilization and pesticide application technology and salinization treatment technology.The cognition of the importance of improving the quality protection of cultivated land had a strong influence on the behavior of farmers in northern Xinjiang to adopt soil testing formula fertilization technology,harmless fertilization technology and efficient drip irrigation water-saving technology.The evaluation of the effect of cultivated land quality protection and improvement had a strong impact on the behavior of farmers adopting salinization treatment technology in southern and eastern Xinjiang.At present,farmers in Xinjiang have a strong technical demand and desire to improve the quality protection of cultivated land.It is necessary to strengthen policy propaganda and popularization,guide farmers to actively carry out technical exchanges,and improve the quality protection of cultivated land and the level of technology adoption.