虚实之间:《杨汉公墓志》的叙事与抒情

Between Imaginary and Reality:Narrative and Lyrical Elements in the Epitaph of Yang Hangong

《杨汉公墓志》是近年出土的中晚唐时期弘农杨氏家族墓志之一,墓志撰者系墓主内弟,其亲属身份为墓志叙事细节的丰富可靠及抒情的真切可信提供了有利条件。撰者通过表露身份关系征信读者以示实录,并通过个性化的叙事塑造墓主人物形象,记述历史事件,正是唐人的“史才”观运用在墓志书写中的表现。以《杨汉公墓志》为代表的中晚唐墓志,既存在“尚实”的传统追求,也包含撰者真切的悼念情感及政治倾向等个性因素,总体呈现出处于“虚实之间”的特点。

The Epitaph of Yang Hangong was one of the epitaphs of the Hongnong Yang Family in the middle and late Tang Dynasty,having unearthed in recent years.The author of the epitaph was the brother-in-law of the tomb owner.The author’s kinship status provided favorable conditions for the richness and reliability of the epitaph’s narrative details and the authenticity and credibility of the lyric.By revealing the identity relationship,the author showed the true recording and created the image of the tomb owner and recorded the historical events through the personalized narrative.It was the expression of the Tang people’s concept of“historical talents”that was applied in the writing of epitaphs.The epitaphs of the middle and late Tang Dynasty,represented by The Epitaph of Yang Hangong,not only had the traditional pursuit of reality but also contained the author’s true mournful emotions,political inclinations and other personality factors,as a whole,being characteristics of the balance“between the imaginary and the reality”.