轿车前后悬架运动学仿真分析

Kinematics Simulation Analysis on Front and Rear Suspension of a Car

轿车行驶过程中车轮随着路面不平度和车速的变化而上下跳动,车轮通过摆臂带动悬架其他构件运动,并使这些构件发生相应的变形。为分析悬架构件的运动变形对不同车轮定位参数的影响,根据某轿车前后悬架以及其他主要总成的结构尺寸和特点,运用多体动力学软件Adams建立某轿车整车多刚体动力学模型,并对部分悬架导向元件进行柔性化处理,从而建立整车刚柔耦合模型。随后进行悬架运动学仿真,得到车轮定位参数的仿真变化曲线,并与运动学参数实际测试曲线作对比分析,发现整车刚柔耦合模型运动学仿真结果更接近实际测试曲线。仿真分析结果可以为轿车悬架系统设计与选型提供一定的参考。

In the course of a car the wheels jump up and down with the change of road roughness and speed,the wheel drives the other components of the suspension through the arm and causes the corresponding deformation of these components.In order to analyze the influence of suspension component motion deformation on different wheel alignment parameters,according to a car front and rear suspension and other main assembly structure size and characteristics,the multi-body dynamics software Adams was used to build Multi-rigid-body dynamics model of a car.The rigid-flexible coupling model was established by the flexible treatment of some steering elements of suspension.The suspension kinematics simulation was carried out,and the simulation changing curve of wheel alignment parameters was obtained.The results were compared with the test curves of actual kinematic parameters,and it was found that the kinematics simulation results of the rigid-flexible coupling model were more close to the actual test curve.The simulation results can provide a reference for the design and selection of car suspension system.