西藏安多县布塔雄曲M1出土铜钺形器的来源、用途及相关问题研究

A Study on the Source and Use of Tomahawk-shaped Bronze Artifacts M1 Unearthed in Putar Shongchu,Amdo County,Tibetand Related Issues

西藏安多县布塔雄曲M1是西南石棺墓在藏北地区的地方类型,其年代应在战国早中期。布塔雄曲铜钺形器M1:1具有使用功能,主要作为工具或武器使用,来源于川西地区的石棺墓。铜钺形器造型独特,形成过程中受到云南不对称形铜钺、青海治多普卡贡玛铜牌饰、双环首铜剑的影响,铜钺形器、菱口漩涡纹双耳罐、山字格铜剑等器物影响,反映了早期金属时代西藏与川滇地区有着频繁的文化互动,西藏并非仅仅是文化的“接受者”,同时也是文化的“馈赠者”。

Putar Shongchu(bu-thar-gzhung-chu)M1 in Amdo County,Tibet is a localized tomb of sarcophagus originated in southwestern China found in northern Tibet,dating back to the early and middle Warring States Pe⁃riod.Putar Shongchu tomahawk-shaped bronze artifacts M1 have the function of use,mainly used as a tool or weapon,and they were firstly found in the sarcophagus tombs in western Sichuan.The tomahawk-shaped bronzeartifacts are unique in their shape,which is the result of influence from the Yunnan's asymmetrical bronze tomahawk,the Qinghai's Zhiduopuka Gongma decorative bronze plates and the double-ringed bronze swords during its formation.The tomahawk-shaped bronzeartifacts,the amphoras with the swirl pattern of rhom⁃bus,the mountain-shaped bronze swords,the binaural pots and other artifacts reflect the frequent cultural inter⁃action between Tibet and Sichuan-Yunnan areas in the pre-Tubo era.Tibet is not only a“recipient”of other cultures,but also a"giver"of its own culture.