皖北黄泛区善后救助措施研究(1946-1947)

Study on Relief and Rehabilitation Measures in the Yellow River Flooded Area in Northern Anhui Province(1946-1947)

1938年花园口黄河决口后,皖北地区受黄泛影响,环境破坏严重,民众生命财产损失巨大.抗日战争胜利后,为对皖北泛区进行善后救助,国民政府在该区实施了一系列善救措施,包括环境的修复、难民的救助、农地的复垦等.这些举措在客观上具有一定的成效.但是,在善救工作实施的过程中,受物资的短缺和限制、交通的破坏、基层行政组织的失效和贪腐、国内政治环境变化等各种主客观因素的影响,政府的善后救助效果大打折扣,更没有达到其所希冀的善后和重建的目的.从更深广的层面看,政府善后救助的低效和对泛区民众生命的漠视,影响了人心向背,亦间接影响了国民党政权的统治.

After the dyke break of the Yellow River in 1938,northern Anhui province was affected by flood,which caused serious environmental damage and huge loss of life and property.After the end of Anti-Japanese War,in order to restore and revive the Yellow River flooded area in northern Anhui,the National Government implemented many relief measures,including environmental restoration,refugee relief,farmland reclamation and so on,which achieved certain results.However,due to some subjective and objective factors such as the shortage and limitation of materials,the destruction of traffic,the ineffectiveness and corruption of primary-level organizations,the change of domestic political environment,the government’s relief effect was greatly reduced and didn’t achieve the purpose of rehabilitation and reconstruction.From a deeper and broader perspective,inefficient rescue and disregard for the lives of the people in the flooded area affected people’s public sentiment and also indirectly influenced the rule of the Kuomintang regime.