2000—2018年中国十六省(自治区、直辖市)7~17岁儿童青少年超重与肥胖流行趋势

Trends of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 7-17 in 16 provinces of China from 2000 to 2018

目的分析中国十六省(自治区、直辖市)7~17岁儿童青少年超重与肥胖的城乡及性别分布特征和趋势。方法利用2000、2006、2011、2015和2018年5轮“中国健康与营养调查”数据,选取至少参加过一轮调查的资料完整的8398名7~17岁儿童青少年为研究对象。以《中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数值分类标准》判定超重与肥胖,采用Cochran-Armitage趋势检验和二水平随机截距模型分析7~17岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖的分布状况和变化趋势。结果中国十六省7~17岁儿童青少年2000—2018年儿童青少年超重和肥胖的检出率均呈现上升趋势(P<0.05)。超重率从2000年的5.42%增加到2018年的12.92%,肥胖率从2000年的2.45%增加到2018年的12.36%。多水平模型分析结果显示,性别和城乡对中心化后的体质指数的影响均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),男生体质指数的增加值大于女生(β=0.2824);农村地区儿童青少年体质指数增加值大于城市地区(β=0.5902)。结论2000—2018年中国十六省(自治区、直辖市)7~17岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖患病率均呈逐年增加趋势。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the distribution characteristics and trends of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents aged 7-17 years in 16 provinces of China.METHODS Data were collected from China health and nutrition survey in 2000,2006,2011,2015 and 2018,8398 children and adolescents aged 7-17 with complete data were selected as the research objects.Overweight and obesity were classified by body mass index(BMI)reference norm for screening overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents.The distribution and trend of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 7-17 in 16 provinces of China were analyzed by using Cochran-Armitage trend test and two-level random intercept model.RESULTS The prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents aged 7-17 in China showed an upward trend from 2000 to 2018(P<0.05).The prevalence of overweight increased from 5.42% in 2000 to 12.92% in 2018,and the prevalence of obesity increased from 2.45% in 2000 to 12.36% in 2018.The result of multilevel model analysis showed that gender and urban and rural areas had significant effects on centralized BMI(P<0.05),the BMI increase value of boys was greater than that of girls(β=0.2824),the BMI increase value of children and adolescents in rural areas was greater than that in urban areas(β=0.5902).CONCLUSION The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 7-17 in 16 provinces of China are increasing.