蒸馏米酒蒸馏残液中多糖的分离及其益生活性研究

Isolation and prebiotic activity of polysaccharide from the thin stillage of Chinese distilled rice wine

蒸馏米酒在蒸馏过程中会产生大量的蒸馏残液,而蒸馏残液具有巨大的经济潜力。该研究从蒸馏米酒的蒸馏残液中分离纯化出一种分子质量为8554 Da的杂多糖并命名为CRWPs,CRWPs主要由葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、岩藻糖和阿拉伯糖组成,质量占比分别为91.56%、2.13%、1.61%、1.84%、1.34%、0.67%和0.12%。流变学分析表明CRWPs溶液表现出典型的剪切变稀行为,同时具有假塑性流体的特征。采用原子力显微镜(atomic force microscope,AFM)观察CRWPs在溶液-云母片表面的表观形貌,发现多糖链间聚合堆积而形成点状或棒状结构,推测该多糖具有多分支的结构。通过2株双歧杆菌和2株乳杆菌的静态发酵对CRWPs的益生功能进行评价。结果表明,与空白组比,CRWPs能够显著促进这4株菌的生长和短链脂肪酸的产生,其中短双歧杆菌的总酸产量从(105.62±2.70)mmol/mL提升到(145.55±5.36)mmol/mL,表明CRWPs具有一定的益生活性。该研究对从蒸馏残液中提取的多糖CRWPs的益生元潜力进行了报道,为其在环境经济型食品行业中的潜在应用奠定了基础。

Thin stillage is the distillery stillage from Chinese distilled rice wine in the distillation which has a great economic poten-tial.In this study,a polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 8554 Da was purified from the thin stillage of Chinese distilled rice wine was named as CRWPs.CRWPs mainly composed of glucose,galactose,mannose,glucuronic acid,galacturonic acid,fucose,and arabi-nose at approximate mass ratios of 91.56%,2.13%,1.61%,1.84%,1.34%,0.67%,and 0.12%.The results of rheological prop-erties showed that the CRWPs solution exhibited typical shear thinning behavior and had the characteristics of pseudoplastic fluid.And the apparent morphology of CRWPs on the surface of the solution-mica sheet was observed by atomic force microscope(AFM),showing that the polysaccharide chains polymerized and accumulated to form a dot or rod structure.So it was speculated that the polysaccharide had a multi-branched structure.The prebiotic activity of CRWPs was evaluated by static fermentation of two Bifidobacterium strains and two Lac-tobacillus strains.Compared with the blank group,CRWPs could significantly promote the growth of these four strains and the production of short-chain fatty acids.The total acid production of Bifidobacterium breve increased from(105.62±2.70)mmol/mL to(145.55±5.36)mmol/mL,indicating that CRWPs had certain probiotic activity.This study reports the prebiotic potential of polysaccharide from the thin stillage of Chinese distilled rice wine and provides a foundation for the potential application of CRWPs in the environmentally-friendly and economical food industry.