花生秧、籽粒苋、苜蓿的营养价值及其在羊瘤胃中降解特性的比较

Comparison of Nutritional Value and Degradation Characteristics in Rumen of Sheep Among Peanut Seedlings,Grain Amaranth and Alfalfa

试验旨在比较花生秧、籽粒苋、苜蓿三种粗饲料的营养价值及其在羊瘤胃中的降解特性,为籽粒苋在养殖业中的进一步开发利用提供理论依据。试验选用3只健康、体重25 kg左右且装有永久瘤胃瘘管的成年黑山羊,单栏饲养。预试期7 d,正试期15 d,用尼龙袋法测定并计算三种粗饲料的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的瘤胃降解特性。结果表明:籽粒苋的NDF和磷(P)含量高于其他两种粗饲料;苜蓿CP含量高于另外两种粗饲料;花生秧的DM、粗脂肪(EE)、ADF、粗灰分(Ash)和钙(Ca)含量均高于其他两种粗饲料;三种粗饲料的DM、CP、NDF、ADF瘤胃降解率都随样品在瘤胃中发酵时间的增加而增加;三种粗饲料中籽粒苋的DM、NDF、ADF的瘤胃有效降解率最高,苜蓿的CP瘤胃有效降解率最高。综上所述,相较于另两种粗饲料,籽粒苋的CP、NDF、ADF含量较高,其余营养成分含量也处于平均水平,瘤胃降解特性优良,能够很好地满足反刍动物对粗饲料的营养能量需求,是较好的反刍动物粗饲料原料。

This experiment was conducted to compare the nutritional value and degradation characteris⁃tics in rumen of three roughages of grain amaranth,peanut vine and alfalfa,and to provide theoretical ba⁃sis for further development and utilization of grain amaranth in stock-breeing.Three healthy adult black goats with 25 kg body weight and permanent rumen fistulas were selected and fed in a single pen.The pretreatment period lasted for seven days,and the formal period was 15 days.The rumen degradation characteristics of dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP),neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fi⁃ber(ADF)of the three roughages were measured and calculated by nylon bag method.The results showed that:the NDF and Phosphorus contents of amaranth were higher than those of the other two roughages.The CP content of alfalfa was higher than that of the other two roughages.DM,EE,ADF,Ash and Ca contents of peanut seedlings were higher than those of the other two roughages.The rumen degra⁃dation rates of DM,CP,NDF and ADF of the three roughages increased with the increase of fer⁃mentation time in the rumen.Among the three roughages,the rumen degradation rate of DM,NDF and ADF in amaranth grain was the highest,and the rumen degradation rate of CP in alfalfa was the highest.In conclusion,compared with the other two roughages,the content of CP,NDF and ADF in grain amaranth was higher,and the content of other nutrients was also at the average level.The amaranth grain rumen degradation characteristics were excel⁃lent,which could well meet the nutritional and energy requirements of ruminants for roughages,and ama⁃ranth grain was a better roughage material for ruminants.