城市建成区路侧停车规划模型及算法

Roadside Parking Planning Model and Algorithm in Urban Built-up Area

为缓解城市交通拥堵,合理规划城市道路路侧停车泊位。在求解区域内路侧停车需求的同时,提出泊位设置方案,使路网通行能力达到最大。首先对研究区域停车现状进行调查,测算出路侧停车需求量;然后基于道路条件、交通量与基本通行能力之比v/c和道路距周边居民区距离3个条件,确定区域内符合设置路侧泊位的道路优先级;最后基于设置路侧停车泊位后道路通行能力和道路优先级,以路网通行能力最大为目标函数,以道路可容纳最大路侧停车泊位为约束条件,构建路网通行能力模型,使用序列二次规划法计算出各条道路应规划的停车泊位数量。采用VISSIM在平峰交通量和高峰交通量条件下对研究区域路网进行仿真,选取总停车延误、停车次数、车均延误、总延误时间和总行程时间5个指标,对路侧停车泊位设置方法的延误进行比较。研究结果表明,与传统路侧泊位设置方法对比,路网通行能力模型延误低于常规设置方案,有效降低了设置路侧停车泊位对道路通行能力的影响。

In order to alleviate urban traffic congestion,a rational planning of roadside parking berths on urban roads was carried out.While solving the demand for roadside parking in the region,a berth setting scheme was proposed to maximize the traffic capacity of the road network.Firstly,the parking situation in the study area was investigated and the demand for roadside parking was calculated.Then,based on the road conditions,the ratio of traffic volume to basic traffic capacity and the distance between the road and the surrounding residential areas,the priority of the road in the area that met the requirement of setting roadside berths was determined.Finally,based on the road capacity and road priority after setting roadside parking berths,taking the maximum road capacity as the objective function and the maximum roadside parking space that the road can accommodate as the constraint,the road network capacity model was constructed,and the number of parking berths that should be planned for each road was calculated by using sequential quadratic programming method.VISSIM was used to simulate the road network in the study area under the conditions of flat peak traffic volume and peak traffic volume.Five indexes including total stop delay,number of stops,delay per vehicle,total delay time and total travel time were selected to compare the delay of the roadside parking berth setting method.The research results show that compared with the traditional roadside berths setting method,the delay of road network capacity model is lower than that of the conventional setting scheme,which effectively reduces the impact of setting roadside parking spaces on road capacity.