1990—2019年我国口腔癌疾病负担及其变化趋势分析

Disease burden and trend of oral cancer in China from 1990 to 2019

目的 分析1990—2019年我国居民口腔癌疾病负担变化趋势,为口腔癌防控提供科学依据。方法 利用2019年全球疾病负担中国部分数据,采用发病、死亡和伤残调整生命年(disability adjusted life years, DALY)进行描述。利用Joinpoint回归模型估计口腔癌标化发病率、死亡率、DALY率的平均年度百分比变化率(annual average percentage change, AAPC),分析口腔癌疾病负担变化趋势。结果 2019年我国口腔癌的发病数为45 216例,发病率为3.18/10万;死亡数为22 642例,死亡率为1.59/10万;DALY为575 805例年,DALY率为40.48/10万。与1990年相比,2019年口腔癌发病数、死亡数和DALY分别增加了2.65%、2.06%和1.59%。男性发病率、死亡率和DALY率均高于女性,且随年龄增长均呈上升趋势。1990—2019年我国口腔癌标化发病率(AAPC=1.6%,P<0.05)、标化死亡率(AAPC=0.7%,P<0.05)和标化DALY率(AAPC=0.6%,P<0.05)呈上升趋势。结论 1990—2019年我国口腔癌疾病负担呈升高趋势,不同性别、年龄差异有统计学意义,且涨幅高于全球水平。

Objective To analyze the trend of disease burden of oral cancer among Chinese residents from 1990 to 2019, and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of oral cancer. Methods Data of Chinese residents were retrieved from Global Burden of Disease 2019(GBD 2019), the morbidity, death and disability adjusted life years(DALY) were described.Joinpoint regression model was used to estimate the standardized incidence, mortality, DALY rate and mean annual percentage change rate(AAPC) of oral cancer.The trend of disease burden of oral cancer was also analyzed. Results In 2019, a total of 45 216 oral cancer cases were reported in China, with an overall incidence rate of 3.18/100 000.There were 22 642 deaths, and the mortality rate was 1.59 per 100 000.DALY was 575 805 person-years, and DALY rate was 40.48 per 100 000. Compared with 1990, the number of oral cancer cases, deaths and DALY increased by 2.65%, 2.06% and 1.59%, respectively, in 2019.The morbidity, mortality and DALY rates of male residents were higher than those of females, and all increased with age.From 1990 to 2019, the standardized incidence(AAPC=1.6%, P<0.05), standardized mortality(AAPC=0.7%, P<0.05) and standardized DALY rate(AAPC=0.6%, P<0.05) of oral cancer in China showed upward trends. Conclusions From 1990 to 2019, the disease burden of oral cancer in China shows an increasing trend, with differences in gender and age, and the increase higher higher than the global level.