水生蔬菜重金属污染及农药残留状况调查

Survey on Heavy Metal Pollution and Pesticide Residues of Hydroponic Vegetables

【目的】为水生蔬菜质量安全监测提供参考。【方法】调查广西主产区荸荠、茭白、莲藕、蕹菜四种水生蔬菜的无机污染物含量及农药残留情况,按照国家标准对蔬菜及环境样本中的铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)、砷(As)、汞(Hg)五种无机污染物,及六六六、滴滴涕、百菌清等64种农药残留情况进行了筛查,并对其质量安全进行了评价。【结果】在79个监测的水生蔬菜样本中,仅在1个蕹菜样本中检出Pb含量超标,合格率达98.73%。农药残留共有35个样品检出,且未发现农药残留超标情况。所有水生蔬菜中,蕹菜检出农药残留种类最多,达9种。同时在部分环境样本中亦检出无机污染物如Cd、As及农药残留。【结论】相较于其它水生蔬菜,蕹菜具有较高的无机污染及农药残留风险;同时水生蔬菜产地环境存在一定风险,需在合理化耕作模式的同时加强水生蔬菜质量安全监管,保障水生蔬菜产品质量安全。

【Objective】To provide reference for monitoring the quality and safety of hydroponic vegetables.【Method】This study investigated the inorganic pollutant content and pesticide residues of four hydroponic vegetables:chufa,water bamboo,lotus root,water spinach,in the main production areas of Guangxi.In accordance with national standards,five inorganic contaminants including plumbum(Pb),cadmium(Cd),chromium(Cr),arsenic(As)and mercury(Hg),and 64 pesticide residues such as benzene hexachloride,DDT and chlorothalonil in vegetables and environmental samples were screened and evaluate for its safety.【Result】Among the 79 monitored hydroponic vegetable samples,of which only one sample of water spinach was detected with Pb content exceeding the standard with a qualification rate of 98.73%.Pesticide residues were detected in a total of 25 samples,and none of them were found to exceed the standard.Among all hydroponic vegetables,water spinach detected the most types of pesticide residues,up to 8 kinds.Inorganic contaminants such as Cd,As and pesticide residues were also detected in some environmental samples.【Conclusion】Compared to other hydroponic vegetables,water spinach has a higher risk of inorganic contamination and pesticide residues.At the same time,there were certain risks in the environment of the producing,and it is necessary to strengthen the quality and safety supervision while rationalizing the farming mode to ensure the product quality and safety of hydroponic vegetables.