常德市海绵城市建设示范区雨洪适应性评价与分区

Evaluation and zoning of rain-flood adaptability for construction demonstration area in a sponge city of Changde

雨洪适应性体现了海绵城市建设的底线约束与生态优先原则,是海绵城市规划中重要的评价标准。采用INVEST模型与GIS技术,进行了研究区的雨洪适应性评价、雨洪适应性的功能分区及安全水平分区。研究表明:(1)从水源涵养、土壤保持和水质净化三个方面进行雨洪适应性评价,并融合雨洪汇流路径与适应性等级,划分雨洪适应性功能分区,体现了雨洪适应系统的源间廊道与基本骨架视角。(2)雨洪安全格局是海绵设施空间形态上的表现,重构不同安全水平雨洪适应性空间,实现了“源—汇”平衡,形成城市雨洪安全系统。(3)雨洪适应性通过水文过程与空间格局耦合,体现了雨洪管控中从微观到宏观层面的协调,对提升城市应对不确定性冲击的自组织能力具有参考意义。

Rain flood adaptability is a significant evaluation criterion in design of a sponge city,which reflects the bottom line constraints and the priority principle of ecological space in the construction of a sponge city.INVEST model and GIS were used to evaluate the rain flood adaptability,and classify the function of rain flood adaptability and safety level of rain flood adaptability.The research in this paper shows that:(1)The evaluation of rain flood adaptability on the respect of water source conservation,soil conservation and water purification,mixture of rain flood routes and adaptation levels and function division of rain flood adaptability,reflected the inter source corridor and basic framework of rain flood adaptation system.(2)The safety pattern of rain flood is the spatial form of sponge facilities.We reconstructed different safety levels of rain flood adaptability space,which achieved the balance of"source sink"and formed an urban rain and flood safety system.(3)Rain flood adaptability can control the rain flood by unity and coordination from micro to macro level through coupling of hydrologic process and spatial pattern.It is also of important significance to the learning and transformation of rain flood in the sponge city and to the development of the self-organizing ability to deal with shocks of a city’s uncertainty.