防撞击X型阻尼器及新型耗能减撞站房柱力学性能研究

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ANTI-COLLISION X-TYPE DAMPER AND A NEW STATION COLUMN WITH ENERGY DISSIPATION AND COLLISION REDUCTION FUNCTIONS

针对易遭受撞击的站房结构柱等提出有效的防撞装置对结构安全运行至关重要,该文以此提出了一种新型耗能减撞站房柱,保障结构正常使用的同时达到最优耗能能力。采用LS-DYNA对新型耗能防撞设计的高铁站房结构柱进行防撞性能分析,并对其主要的耗能元件防撞击X型阻尼器和泡沫铝进行了研究。基于已有的经典试验进行数值模拟验证,包括钢板单向准静态加载试验、钢骨混凝土撞击试验和泡沫铝填充薄壁结构撞击试验。分析表明该文所建立的数值模型能够较好的模拟试验的撞击力和变形发展。以此建立防撞击X型阻尼器和新型耗能减撞站房柱的数值模型,从而优化单个防撞击X型阻尼器截面,使其耗能最好,并对比了不同因素下新型耗能减撞站房柱的吸能特性及加入泡沫铝后对新型耗能减撞站房柱的吸能影响。结果表明:在撞击荷载作用下,采用耗能最优防撞击X型阻尼器的新型耗能减撞站房柱中阻尼器将吸收97%的撞击能量,而内部结构柱中只有局部混凝土产生了裂缝;加泡沫铝的新型耗能减撞站房柱的吸能分布更加合理且吸能有较大的提升,但结构柱的塑性应变也会随之增加;整体而言,新型耗能减撞站房柱具有优良的吸能能力,保障了结构柱的安全。

An effective anti-collision device is important for the station structure column which is frequently subjected to collision.A new type of station column with collision reduction and energy dissipation functions is proposed to ensure the normal use of the structure while achieving the optimal energy dissipation capacity.LSDYNA is used to analyze the anti-collision performance of the new energy dissipation anti-collision design of the structural column of high-speed railway station,and the main energy dissipation elements,anti-collision X-type damper and aluminum foam,are studied.The numerical simulation was carried out based on the existing classical tests,including unidirectional quasi-static loading test of steel plate,impact test of steel reinforced concrete and impact test of aluminum foam-filled thin-walled structure.The analysis results show that the numerical model established in this paper can simulate the impact force and deformation development during the test well.The numerical models of the anti-collision X-type damper and the new type of station column with energy dissipation and collision reduction functions were established to optimize the cross section of the single anti-collision X-type damper to achieve the best energy consumption.The energy absorption characteristics of the new type station column under different factors and the influence of the additional aluminum foam on the energy absorption of the new type of station column were investigated.The results show that when the anti-impact X-type damper reaches the optimal energy consumption,the damper absorbs 97% of the impact energy in the new type station column under the impact load,while only partial concrete cracks appear in the internal structure column.The energy absorption distribution of the new type station column with aluminum foam is more reasonable and the energy absorption is greatly improved,but the plastic strain of the structural column also increases accordingly.On the whole,the new type of station column with energy dissipation and collision reduction functions has good energy absorption capacity,which ensures the safety of the structural column.