人口多元化对城市科技创新产出的影响

The Influence of Population Diversity on Urban Scientific and Technological Innovation Output

改革开放以来,大规模的人口迁移使许多城市形成了多元化的人口结构,同时呈现出差异化的科技创新水平。文章基于人口结构变化视角,以2000—2015年中国147个城市人口普查、1%人口抽样调查及城市专利申请数据为样本,分析了人口多元化对科技创新产出的影响机制。研究发现:人口多元化能够显著促进城市科技创新;从影响机制来看,人口多元化对科技创新的影响会受到人力资本水平和劳动年龄人口的正向调节;人口多元化还能通过改善城市创新环境促进科技创新;空间和规模异质性分析结果表明,东部城市人口多元化对科技创新的促进作用比中西部强,规模较大的城市人口多元化对科技创新的促进作用比规模较小的更强。

Since the reform and opening up,large-scale population migration has made many cities form a diversified pop⁃ulation structure,while showing a differentiated level of scientific and technological(S&T)innovation.Based on the per⁃spective of population structure change,taking the census of 147 cities in China from 2000 to 2015,1%population sam⁃pling survey,and urban patent application data as samples,this paper analyzes the impact mechanism of population diver⁃sity on the output of S&T innovation.The study finds that population diversity can significantly promote urban S&T inno⁃vation;from the perspective of impact mechanism,the impact of population diversity on S&T innovation will be positively adjusted by the level of human capital and the working age population;population diversity can also promote S&T innova⁃tion by improving the urban innovation environment;the results of spatial and scale heterogeneity analysis show that the role of population diversity in eastern cities in promoting S&T innovation is stronger than that in central and western re⁃gions,and the role of population diversity in larger cities in promoting S&T innovation is stronger than that in smaller cities.