绝世知音:脂砚斋及其小说学

A Peerless Kindred Spirit: Zhi Yanzhai and its Fiction

在曹雪芹创作《红楼梦》的同时,一边为之誊录,一边随手加以评点的这位脂砚斋是谁?而这位敢于自称“一芹一脂”的《红楼梦》评点者在小说学家中有何特殊意义与成就?“脂砚斋”可分作广、狭二义:狭义,专指署名和未署名评点《石头记》的这个笔名或称作“脂砚斋”的人;广义,则指包括所有在《脂砚斋重评石头记》《石头记》等手抄本中出现的批评者,及为戚序本写《〈石头记〉序》的戚蓼生。这广义的脂砚斋不仅是有评点红楼的特异功能,更提出了自己深广而精湛的小说要义。

Who was Zhi Yanzhai who transcribed it and commented on the fiction A Dream of Red Mansions while Cao Xueqin was writing it. What is the special significance and achievement of the critic of A Dream of Red Mansions who enjoys equal popularity with Cao Xueqin among novelists? "Zhi Yanzhai" can be divided into broad and narrow meanings. In the narrow sense, it refers to the pen name or the person named "Zhi Yanzhai" who comments on The Story of the Stone with or without signature. In a broad sense, it refers to all the critics of manuscripts such as The Review of the Story of Stone by Zhi Yanzhai and The Story of the Stone, as well as Qi liaosheng who wrote the preface to The Story of the Stone. The Zhi Yanzhai in broad sense not only has the special function of commenting on A Dream of Red Mansions, but also puts forward its own profound and exquisite novel essence.