陆王心学“减损论”的本体论基础与时代背景

The Ontological Basis of the Detractionism of Lu-Wang Hsin Hsueh and Its Historical Context

与程朱理学格物致知外求式的修养功夫路径不同,陆王心学“减损论”致力于发明本心的内求式修养方法。陆王心学“减损论”主张人的本心具足,无需外求,只需去除遮蔽本心的障碍,呈现心之本来面目,就可恢复本有的良知和德性。陆王心学“减损论”这样一种内求式的修养方法,是与其对本体论的认识紧密相连的,同时,也与当时社会德治主义的政治哲学息息相关。

Different from the self-cultivation path of Cheng and Zhu Neo-Confucianism, which is based on the method of seeking knowledge from the outside, the detractionism of Lu-Wang Hsin Hsueh is devoted to inventing the inner self-cultivation method. Lu-Wang’s theory of mind advocates that people’s original mind is sufficient, and there is no need for external demands. As long as the obstacles that obscure the mind are removed and the true appearance of the mind is presented, the original conscience and virtue can be restored. Lu-Wang’s theory of mind, as an internal self-cultivation method, is closely related to their understanding of ontology and it is also closely related to the political philosophy of social rule of virtue at that time.