国际服务贸易的新特点及影响因素分析

Analysis of New Characteristics and Influencing Factors of International Trade in Services

世界经济发展形势逐步呈现全球化特点,世界各国的产业结构也随之发生变化,其中服务贸易在众多产业中脱颖而出。目前各国高度重视该领域的发展,服务贸易已逐步成长为国际贸易市场中的重要一员。随着新兴技术的发展,与传统服务贸易不同的类似于数字贸易、离岸外包等新兴贸易逐渐成为服务贸易的主要方式。此发展阶段,在技术革新、国际发展趋势、国际公共卫生等各种因素的作用下,国际服务贸易的发展也呈现出各种与以往不同的新特点。文章以2008—2020年金融危机后全球经济从衰颓到复苏再到飞速发展为研究背景,列举各个年份货物贸易、服务贸易和全球贸易的出口额数据来分析全球服务贸易的基本发展现状,研究了服务贸易的历史过程和特点,并分析2020年新冠疫情影响下国际服务贸易领域受到的冲击力度。最后对国际服务贸易展现出的新特点及其发展变化给出结论与建议,预见国际服务贸易在未来的发展新走向。

The development of the world economy has gradually shown the feature of globalization,and the industrial structure of countries around the world has also changed.In particular,trade in services stands out among many industries.At present,countries attach great importance to the development of this fi eld,and trade in services has gradually grown into an important part of the international trade markets.With the development of new technologies,emerging trade similar to digital trade and of fshoring which are dif ferent from traditional service trade has gradually become the main way of service trade.At this stage of development,the development of international trade in services has also presented various new characteristics dif ferent from that in the past under the role of various factors such as technological innovation,international development trends and international public health.The article analyzes the basic development status of global trade in services by listing and analyzing the export value data of trade in goods,trade in services and global trade each year,studying the historical process and characteristics of trade in services,and analyzing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 on globe service trade by taking the period from 2008 to 2020 when the global economy went from decay to recovery to rapid development after the fi nancial crisis as the research background.Finally,conclusions and suggestions are given on the new characteristics of international trade in services and its development changes,foreseeing the new development trends of international trade in services in the future.