健康宣教对肾穿刺活检术患者的效果研究

Effect study of health education on patients undergoing renal biopsy

目的观察基于IKAP模式的健康宣教对肾穿刺活检术患者的效果,以提升肾穿刺活检术的成功率,预防并发症的发生。方法选择天津医科大学第二医院2021年1—3月收治的肾小球疾病行肾活检穿刺术的患者共计80例,随机分为对照组和研究组各40例。对照组患者接受常规健康宣教,研究组患者接受基于IKAP模式的健康宣教,比较两组患者的临床指标、护理前后疼痛评分、并发症发生率以及患者护理满意率。结果研究组手术时间、住院时间和康复时间均短于对照组;护理后,研究组VAS评分为(1.47±0.17)分,低于对照组的(3.87±0.12)分;研究组并发症发生率为7.50%,低于对照组的37.50%;研究组护理总满意率为95.00%,高于对照组的72.50%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于IKAP模式的健康宣教能缩短肾小球疾病行肾穿刺活检术患者手术时间和住院时间,缓解疼痛,并提高护理满意率,预防术后并发症的发生,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To observe the effect of health education based on IKAP model on patients undergoing renal biopsy,so as to improve the success rate of renal biopsy,prevent the occurrence of complications.Methods A total of 80 patients with glomerular diseases who underwent renal biopsy in the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from January to March 2021 were selected and randomly divided into control group and study group with 40 cases in each group.Patients in the control group received routine health education,and patients in the study group received health education based on IKAP mode.The clinical indexes,pain scores before and after nursing,the incidence of complications and nursing satisfaction rate of the two groups were compared.Results The operation time,hospitalization time and rehabilitation time of the study group were shorter than those of the control group;after nursing,the VAS score of the stud y group was(1.47±0.17)poi n ts,whi ch was lower than that of the con trol group wi th(3.87±0.12)poi n ts;the i n ci d en ce of com pli cati on s i n the stud y group was 7.50%,whi ch was lower than 37.50%i n the con trol group;the total sati sfacti on rate of n ursi n g i n the stud y group was 95.00%,whi ch was hi gher than 72.50%i n the con trol group,an d the d i fferen ces above all were stati sti cally si gn i fi can t(P<0.05).Conclusion Health ed ucati on based on IKAP m od el could shorten the operati on ti m e an d hospi tali zati on ti m e of pati en ts wi th glom erular d i sease un d ergoi n g ren al bi opsy,reli eve pai n,i m prove n ursi n g sati sfacti on rate,an d preven t postoperati ve com pli cati on s.It was worthy of cli n i cal prom oti on an d appli cati on.