毛庆沟墓地与饮牛沟墓地出土人骨的再研究

Restudy on the Human Skeletons from Maoqinggou and Yinniugou Cemeteries

毛庆沟墓地与饮牛沟墓地是位于内蒙古自治区乌兰察布市凉城县毛庆沟村的两处地理位置相近、年代接续、考古学文化相似的墓地,且均蕴含着北方草原文化系统和中原文化系统两种不同的文化内涵。从体质人类学的研究视角出发,随着两处墓地发掘材料的不断丰富,对其人群内的不同人种因素分析也逐渐有了愈加清晰的认识。本文以毛、饮两处墓地目前出土的所有男性颅骨为研究对象,基于前人的研究成果,假设按照墓向所代表的不同葬俗而分组与合并,从而增加样本量来进行统计学分析。在验证分组假设可行性的同时,进一步分析两处墓地所代表人群内部的体质特征差异,以及与相关古代人种之间的距离关系,最终从古人种学的角度来探讨内蒙古中南部地区青铜时代到铁器时代早期的人群迁移与民族交融。

Maoqinggou cemetery and Yinniugou cemetery are located in Maoqinggou Village,Liangcheng County,Wulanchabu City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,which with similar geographical location,successive ages and similar archaeological culture,and both contain two different cultural connotations of northern grassland and Central Plains.Based on the study of physical anthropology,the understanding of the internal population structure of the two cemeteries becomes clearer with the constantly enriched archaeological materials discoveries.In this paper,two groups will be divide from the human skeletons of the two cemeteries according to the burial customs to discuss the physical features differences among those and the relationships with other populations related.Finally,from the perspective of palaeethnology,the paper discusses the population migration and national integration from the Bronze Age to the early Iron Age in central and southern Inner Mongolia.